问题 阅读理解与欣赏

燕子的尾巴  

燕子的尾巴,是一把剪刀,

它飞过天空,给天空剪了一件蓝衬衫; 

它飞过田野,给田野剪了一条绿裙子; 

它飞过湖面,给湖面剪了一面大镜子。 

最后,它落在电线上, 

弹奏着春天的乐曲……

1.燕子分别给天空、田野、湖面剪了什么?连一连。 

天空        田野    湖面 

绿裙子    大镜子    蓝衬衫

2.燕子还飞过什么地方,剪出了什么?照样子,写一写。

燕子飞过                     ,给                          

燕子飞过____              ,给                           

答案

1.天空一蓝衬衫;田野—绿裙子;湖面一大镜子;

2.柳树林   柳树林剪了绿辫子

     花园       花园剪了花衣裳

(答案不唯一)

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文章,完成后面习题。(22分)

精神的树,神幻的树

杨文丰

胡杨可谓“沙漠活化石”。地球村的胡杨,绝大多数分布在我国的塔里木河流域。

胡杨仿佛是长在艺术殿堂里的树,超现实的树。在环境最恶劣的地方,灰褐色的树皮粗裂如沟壑的胡杨树,虬曲苍劲,有的似骆驼负重,有的如龙蛇蜷地,有的似狮虎曲踞,有的如骏马哀鸣……即便匍匐于地,肢断骨折,在天幕下,也依然挺起不屈的脊梁,犹同黄铜雕像。

在面对胡杨的瞬间,心灵得承受庄严与神圣的锻打,才会彻悟什么是生命的最高境界,什么才是尘世的壮丽与永恒。

成龄的胡杨,在水分充足的环境里,树干其实应该是可以挺直的。

塔里木河流域年均降水量仅50毫米,蒸发量却是年降水量的六七十倍。空气干燥得简直就是智利诗人聂鲁达笔下干燥、赤裸和灼热的金属。而胡杨,没有送水的园丁,有的只是黑夜的冰凉和单一的白天的酷热,夏季,沙漠表面的最高温度可逾70℃。胡杨只好自行“壮士断臂”——放弃提供某些枝条的给养。黄风卷地,大风刮掉得不到水分的老枝,“伤口”形成的树结,犹同战士征战留下的疤痕。

令你难耐的更有那流动的白沙,在夏日,还会幻化成远逝的塔里木河水,白白地、冷冷地流。入冬季,荒原茫茫,朔风浩浩,极端气温低至零下30℃,更有沙尘暴。如此环境,本是无法成为树的家园的,然而,竟宿命般成了你胡杨的“家”!你竟只要一息尚存,就依然屹立,将生命延续、繁衍……凄凉里含悲壮,孤寂中显倔强,胡杨啊……

根——胡杨的生命支柱,难道还不是其精神得以挺拔的根源吗?

胡杨的根,以深扎、撑起一片生命的绿为自己的使命。主根深可入土10米,侧根则宛如章鱼的触须,伸长范围可远达30米。胡杨的根练就了从深深的地层吸取和贮运水分的能力,细胞不受碱水的伤害。胡杨更能从自己的根部直接萌生幼苗。由于根随水走,所以胡杨无形中就成了一种随河流走的植物。

谁还能否定一棵棵胡杨不是人间男儿呢?胡杨也一样有泪不轻弹。当然,胡杨一旦被断臂折腰,在断口处,也会溢出一股清亮的液体,犹如人的伤心泪,这就是著名的“胡杨泪”。

它的底部长的是窄长的柳叶,中间长的则是圆圆的大杨叶,在顶部,长的竟是椭圆形的小杨叶。三种树叶很奇怪地同时长在一棵树上,所以人们叫它三叶树。活着的胡杨,在整个夏天,片片叶子都是纯粹的墨绿,但是一到金秋某天的中午十二点,假如天上恰好又有太阳,胡杨林就似突然接到了神谕一般,所有树叶都在那一刻一下子呼啦啦地变得金黄,满树金碧辉煌。

走过胡杨,你还会发现其嫩枝上,也有密生的水一样柔情的、脆弱的毛,紫红的梦似的披针形的花,长长的椭圆形的果。

胡杨难道还不是有梦的植物吗?

——胡杨梦委实就是绿色的梦。胡杨梦,总幻变在性情独特、文采风流的叶上。

胡杨竟可活而一千年不死!

胡杨竟可死而一千年不倒!

胡杨竟可倒而一千年不朽!

作为生命,胡杨终究还是会倒下的。甚至只有倒入沙漠千年不朽的胡杨,更能显示淬火苦难而后生的真英雄本色。

胡杨难道还不是“精神性”植物吗?而且其不乏黑色的悲壮。

精神成了铮铮铁骨的化身,成了宿命的以生命创造绿的美善行动。

即便作为胡杨的我死了,而我的精神仍在雄起,雄起绿叶婆娑的雄伟形象。

精神——崛起于艰厄,委靡于逸乐,我的胡杨啊!

在无法生活的严酷的环境里苍苍绿绿地生长一千年,在无法站立的动荡沙砾里铁骨铮铮地死而站立一千年,在无法不朽的地方即便变成枯树,即便顷刻变成了一堆碎屑,也要昂起不屈的头颅挺起不折的脊梁,向宇宙洪荒发出最后的长吼,即便短吼,也要不朽一千年——胡杨啊!

你本不该成为地球村的英雄树,然而,你却又应该成为地球村的大英雄!

可爱可敬又可叹可悲的雄起着独立精神的胡杨啊!

一棵棵胡杨倒下去了,千万棵胡杨站起来,如此的生命景象,如此的精神现象,在这人的世界,还可能成为现实吗?                             

《散文精选》

小题1:下列对散文有关内容的分析和概括,不恰当的两项是( )(4分) 

A.作者倾注感情于笔端,礼赞胡杨树生命的最高境界,胡杨树具有悠久的历史,具有神幻的特点,胡杨的神幻集中体现在呈现的千姿百态。

B.作者写胡杨生长地——塔里木河流的年降水量低、空气干燥、黄风卷地、酷热、沙尘暴等恶劣环境,烘托了胡杨的形象,更能突出胡杨的精神。

C.作者写胡杨的根、叶、花、果,从正面写它的特点,作者详写其根、其叶,略写其花、其果,剪裁得当。

D.这篇散文语言很有特色。既使用文言词语,具有典雅美,又运用口语,让人感到亲切。既运用比喻写出胡杨的各种极具艺术的形态,又运用拟人写出了胡杨内在的精神品质。E.作者写塔里木河流域的胡杨,联想到“人间男儿”,联想到“英雄”,联想到“园丁”,联想到“战士”,可谓浮想联翩,充分体现了散文的特点,而胡杨正是不屈的中国人的象征。

小题2:文章题目是“精神的树,神幻的树”,请概括胡杨的精神。(6分)

小题3:文章最后两自然段有怎样的作用?请加以分析。(6分)

小题4:“可爱可敬又可叹可悲的雄起着独立精神的胡杨”能带给人们哪些启示?(6分)

阅读理解

 Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 countries are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile (爬行动物) species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger or dying out.

  European concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr Peter Baum, an expert in the environment and natural resources division of the council, when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park. The park is one of the few areas in Europe to hold the council’s diploma for nature reserves of the highest quality, and Dr Baum had come to present it to the park once again. He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks, and that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today. But Dr Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environments needed to be allowed to survive in peace in their own right.

  “No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist attraction,” he went on. The shortsighted view that reserves had to serve immediate human demands for outdoor recreation should be replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to preserve nature for the future.

  “We forget that they are the guarantee (保证) of life systems, on which any built-up area depends,” Dr Baum went on. “We could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature. However, our natural environment areas, which are the original parts of our countryside, have become mere islands in a spoiled and highly polluted land.”

59. Recent studies by the Council of Europe have declared that ____ .

 A. wildlife needs more protection only in Britain

 B. all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out

 C. there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere

 D. many species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe need protecting

60. Why did Dr Baum come to a British national park?

 A. Because he needed to present it with a council's diploma.

 B. Because he was concerned about its management.

 C. Because it was the only national park of its kind in Europe.

 D. Because it was the only park that had ever received a diploma from the council.

61. The last sentence in the second paragraph implies that ____ .

 A. people should make every effort to create more environment areas

 B. people would go on protecting national parks

 C. certain areas of the countryside should be left intact (完整的)

 D. people would defend the right to develop the areas around national parks

62.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?

 A. We have developed industry at the expense of countryside.

 B. We have forgotten what our original countryside looked like.

 C. People living on islands should protect natural resources for their survival.

 D. We should destroy all the built-up areas.