问题 选择题

如图所示,从灯丝发出电子经过加速电场加速后,进入偏转电场,若加速电场的电压为U1,偏转电压U2,要使电子在电场中的偏转量y增大为原来的2倍,可供选择的方法有

A.使偏转电场极板的长度减小为原来的1/2

B.使U1减小为原来的1/2

C.使偏转电场极板的长度增大为原来的2倍

D.使U2增大为原来的2倍

答案

BD

考点:

专题:带电粒子在电场中的运动专题.

分析:电子先经加速电场加速后,进入偏转电场,根据动能定理求出加速获得的速度与加速电压的关系.由牛顿第二定律求出电子进入偏转电场时的加速度,根据运动的合成与分解,推导出电子在偏转电场中偏转量与偏转电压的关系,再综合得到偏转电场中偏转量与加速电压、偏转电压的关系,再进行选择.

解答:解:设电子的质量和电量分别为m和e.

电子在加速电场中加速过程,根据动能定理得 eU1=  ①

电子进入偏转电场后做类平抛运动,加速度大小为a=

电子在水平方向做匀直线运动,则有t=

在竖直方向做匀加速运动,则有偏转量y=at2④,联立上述四式得,y=

A、根据偏转量y=得知,要使电子在电场中的偏转量y增大为原来的2倍,使偏转电场极板的长度增大为原来的2倍.故A错误.

B、根据偏转量y=得知,要使电子在电场中的偏转量y增大为原来的2倍,使U1减小为原来的.故B正确.

C、根据偏转量y=得知,要使电子在电场中的偏转量y增大为原来的2倍,使偏转板的长度L增大为原来2倍.故C正确.

D、要使电子在电场中的偏转量y增大为原来的2倍,使U2增大为原来的2倍.故D正确.

故选BCD

点评:本题粒子从静止开始先进入加速电场后进入偏转电场,得到的结论与粒子的质量和电量无关.

单项选择题
单项选择题

Although there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other blind people find it difficult to learn that system. They are thereby shut (1) from the world of books and newspapers, having to (2) on friends to read aloud to them.

A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer which is a major (3) in providing aid to the (4) .His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that (5) any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like (6) through a speaker. By pressing the appropriate buttons (7) Cyclops’s keyboard, a blind person can "read" any (8) document in the English language.

This remarkable invention represents a tremendous (9) forward in the education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs $ 50,000. (10) , Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller (11) improved version that will sell (12) less than half that price. Within a few years, Kurzweil (13) the price range will be low enough for every school and library to (14) one. Michael Hingson, Director of the National Federation for the Blind, hopes that (15) will be able to buy home (16) of Cyclops for the price of a good television set.

Mr. Hingson’s organization purchased five machines and is now testing them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind people have been (17) in those tests, making lots of (18) suggestions to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops.

"This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual studies (19) a product was put on the market," Hingson said. "Most manufacturers believed that having the blind help the blind was like telling disabled people to teach other disabled people. In that (20) , the manufacturers have been the blind ones.

8()

A.visual

B.printed

C.virtual

D.spoken