问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成下面的题。

珍惜愤怒

毕淑敏

  小时候看电影,虎门销烟的英雄林则徐在官邸里贴一条幅“制怒”。由此知道怒是一种凶恶而丑陋的东西,需要时时去制服它。

  长大后当了医生,更视怒为健康的大敌。师传我,我授人:怒而伤肝,怒较之烟酒对人为害更烈。人怒时,可使心跳加快,血压升高,瞳孔散大,寒毛竖紧……一如人们猝然间遇到老虎时的反应。

  愤怒与长寿,好像是一架跷跷板的两端,非此即彼。

  人们渴望强健,人们于是憎恶愤怒。

  我愿以我生命的一部分为代价,换取永远珍惜愤怒的权利。愤怒是人的正常情感之一,没有愤怒的人生,是一种残缺。当你的尊严被践踏,当你的信仰被玷污,当你的家园被侵占,当你的亲人被残害,你难道不滋生出火焰一样的愤怒吗?当你面对丑恶,面对污秽,面对人类品质中最阴暗的角落,面对黑夜里横行的鬼魅,你难道能压抑住喷薄而出的愤怒吗?!

  愤怒是我们生活中的盐。当高度的物质文明像软绵绵的糖一样簇拥着我们的时候,现代人的意志像被泡酸了的牙一般软弱。小喜小悲缠绕着我们,我们便有了太多的忧郁。城市人的意志脱了钙,越来越少倒拔垂杨柳强硬似铁怒目金刚式的愤怒,越来越少见幽深似海水波不兴却孕育极大张力的愤怒。

  没有愤怒的生活是一种悲哀,犹如跳跃的麋鹿丧失了迅速奔跑的能力,犹如敏捷的灵猫被剪掉胡须。当人对一切都无动于衷,当人首先戒掉了愤怒,随后再戒掉属于正常人的所有情感之后,人就在活着的时候走向了永恒——那就是死亡。

  我常常冷静地观察他人的愤怒,我常常无情地剖析自己的愤怒,愤怒给我最深切的感受是真实,它赤裸而新鲜,仿佛那颗勃然跳动的心脏。

  喜可以伪装,愁可以伪装,快乐可以加以粉饰,孤独忧郁能够掺进水分,唯有愤怒是十足成色的赤金。它是石与铁撞击那一瞬痛苦的火花 ,是以人的生命力为代价锻造出的双刃利剑。

  喜更像是一种获得,一种他人的馈赠。愁则是一枚独自咀嚼的青橄榄,苦涩之外别有滋味。唯有愤怒,那是不计后果不顾代价无所顾忌的坦荡的付出。在你极度愤怒的刹那,犹如裂空而出横无际涯的闪电,赤裸裸地裸露了你最隐秘的内心。于是,你想认识一个人,就去看他的愤怒吧!

  愤怒出诗人,愤怒也出元帅、出伟人、出大师,愤怒驱动我们平平常常的人做出辉煌的业绩。只要不丧失理智,愤怒便充满活力。

  怒是制不服的,犹如那些最优秀的野马,迄今没有任何骑手可以驾驭它们。愤怒是人生情感之河奔泻而下的壮丽瀑布,愤怒是人生命运之曲抑扬起伏的高亢音符。珍惜愤怒,保持愤怒吧!愤怒可以使我们年轻。纵使在愤怒中猝然倒下,也是一种生命的壮美。

1.“城市人的意志脱了钙”指的是什么?作者的态度是什么?

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2.虎门销烟的英雄林则徐为什么要在官邸里贴一条幅“制怒”?请根据文意,说出自己的理解。

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3.既然愤怒对人有着诸多不利,作者为什么要呼吁“珍惜愤怒,保持愤怒”?请根据文意,简要回答。

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4.下列对这篇散文的赏析,不正确的两项是(    )

A.本文在写法上采用了“先抑后扬”法,先写愤怒对人不利,后写人应当珍惜愤怒。

B.“我愿以我生命的一部分为代价,换取永远珍惜愤怒的权利”一句在结构上起着承上启下的过渡作用。

C.愤怒“是以人的生命力为代价锻造出的双刃利剑”一句形象地告诉我们,只有愤怒才能使生命充满活力。

D.文中写“喜”、写“愁”、写“快乐”、写“孤独忧郁”的目的是为了反衬愤怒的“真实”,“赤裸而新鲜”。

E.结尾段“珍惜愤怒,保持愤怒吧!”一句是作者向人们发出呼吁,不管在什么时候,都应当珍惜和保持愤怒的权利。

答案

1.越来越少倒拔垂杨柳强硬似铁怒目金刚式的愤怒,越来越少见幽深似海水波不兴却孕育极大张力的愤怒。作者对此持否定(或不满)的态度。

2.愤怒容易暴露“赤裸裸的内心”,容易暴露真实的自己,不利于在复杂环境下的对敌斗争,故需要“制怒”。

3.作者认为,人类生活不能没有愤怒,愤怒可使生命充满活力,是生命的一种壮美之举;没有愤怒的人生是一种残缺,没有愤怒的生活是一种悲哀。这体现了作者对高品质生命的追求,同时也是对完美情感生活的呼唤。因而,即使愤怒有对人不利的一面,人也应当珍惜愤怒的权利。

4.CE

单项选择题
填空题

“This is a really exciting time — a new era is starting,” says Peter Bazalgette, the chief creative officer of Endemol. He is referring to the upsurge of interest in mobile television, a nascent industry at the intersection of telecoms and media which offers new opportunities to device-makers, content producers and mobile-network operators. And he is far from alone in his enthusiasm.

Already, many mobile operators offer a selection of television channels or individual shows, which are “streamed” across their third-generation (3G) networks. 41. ______.

Meanwhile, Apple Computer, which launched a video-capable version of its iPod portable music-player in October, is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows that can be purchased for viewing on the device, including “Lost”, “Desperate Housewives” and “Law & Order”.

42. ______. For a start, nobody really knows if consumers will pay for it, though surveys suggest they like the idea. Informa, a consultancy, says there will be 125m mobile-TV users by 2010. But many other mobile technologies inspired high hopes and then failed to live up to expectations. And even if people do want TV on the move, there is further uncertainty in two areas: technology and business models.

At the moment, mobile TV is mostly streamed over 3G networks. But sending an individual data stream to each viewer is inefficient and will be unsustainable in the long run if mobile TV takes off. 43. ______.

44. ______. That suggests that some shows (such as drama) better suit the download model, while others (such as live news, sports or reality shows) are better suited to real-time transmission. The two approaches will probably co-exist.

Just as there are several competing mobile-TV technologies, there are also many possible business models. Mobile operators might choose to build their own mobile-TV broadcast networks; or they could form a consortium and build a shared network; or existing broadcasters could build such networks.

The big question is whether the broadcasters and mobile operators can agree how to divide the spoils, assuming there are any. Broadcasters own the content, but mobile operators generally control the handsets, and they do not always see eye to eye. 45.

Then there is the question of who will fund the production of mobile-TV content: broadcasters, operators or advertisers Again, the answer is probably “all of the above”.

[A] So the general consensus is that 3G streaming is a prelude to the construction of dedicated mobile-TV broadcast networks, which transmit digital TV signals on entirely different frequencies to those used for voice and data. There are three main standards: DVB-H, favoured in Europe; DMB, which has been adopted in South Korea and Japan; and MediaFLO, which is being rolled out in America. Watching TV using any of these technologies requires a TV-capable handset, of course.

[B] In contrast, watching downloaded TV programmes on an iPod or other portable video player is already possible today. And unlike a programme streamed over 3G or broadcast via a dedicated mobile-TV network, shows stored on an iPod can be watched on. an underground train or in regions with patchy network coverage.

[C] In South Korea, television is also sent to mobile phones via satellite and terrestrial broadcast networks, which is far more efficient than sending video across mobile networks. In Europe, the Italian arm of 3, a mobile operator, recently acquired Channel 7, a television channel, with a view to launching mobile-TV broadcasts in Italy in the second half of 2006.

[D] Despite all this activity, however, the prospects for mobile TV are unclear.

[E] Assuming the technology and the business models can be sorted out, there is still the tricky matter of content.

[F] In South Korea, a consortium of broadcasters launched a free-to-air DMB network last month, but the country’s mobile operators were reluctant to provide their users with handsets able to receive the broadcasts, since they were unwilling to undermine the prospects for their own subscription-based mobile-TV services.

[G] The potential for mobile TV is vast, in short — but so is the degree of uncertainty over how it should actually be put into practice.

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