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问题 实验题

（5分）小明利用铁架台、带有最小刻度为1cm的杠杆、细线、若干钩码等实验装置探究杠杆的平衡条件．

（1）在挂钩码前，小明发现杠杆左端高，右端低（如图甲），他应将杠杆两端的平衡螺母向    调节（选填“左”或“右”），使杠杆在水平位置平衡．

（2）接着小明在杠杆的两端挂上不同数量的钩码，移动钩码的位置，保持杠杆在水平位置平衡．则杠杆两侧受到的作用力大小    （选填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”）各自钩码所受重力大小．设右侧钩码对杠杆施的力为动力F1，则动力臂l1大小（如图乙）为     cm．

（3）改变钩码数量与位置，获取多组测量数据，填入记录表中，根据表中的数据得出杠杆的平衡条件是：F1l1=F2l2，据此，实验测量数据记录表中第三次实验中的空格应填　     ．

实验测量数据记录表：

实验次序动力F1/N动力臂l1/cm阻力F2/N阻力臂l2/cm
12.05.01.010.0
22.010.02.010.0
32.015.03.0 
……………
（4）测量多组数据的目的是               （选填“减小实验误差”或“避免实验错误”）．

答案

（1）左； （2）等于；10.0；  （3）10.0；  （4）减小实验误差．

题目分析：（1）由图知，左端较高，所以平衡螺母应向左调节。

（2）由于杠杆在水平位置平衡，杠杆两侧受到的作用力大小等于各自钩码所受重力大小；动力臂大小可以直接从杠杆上读出为10.0cm。

（3）根据杠杆平衡条件：F1L1=F2L2，得到。

（4）在实验中，获取三组测量数据，这样可以减少实验的偶然性，并减小实验误差。

问答题

Man first appeared on earth about 2 million years ago. Then he was little more than an animal; but early man had a big advantage over the animals. He had in his brain special groups of nerve cells, not present in animals, that enabled him to invent a language and use it to communicate with his fellow men. 46) This ability to speak was of great value because it allowed men to share ideas, and to plan together, so that tasks impossible for a single person could be successfully undertaken by intelligent team-work. Speech also enabled ideas to be passed on from generation to generation so that the stock of human knowledge slowly increased.

It was this special ability that put men far ahead of other living creatures in the struggle for existence. 47) He mastered darkness first with dim lights and later with brighter and brighter lamps, until he can now make for himself so dazzling a light with an arc lamp that, like the sun, it is too p for his naked eyes.

48) Man found that his own muscles were too weak for the work which he wanted to do; he explored many other forms of power until now he has his hands on the ultimate source of physical energy, the nuclear power. From man’s earliest days the flight of birds has raised his wonder and desire. Why should he not fly as they did Then he began to experiment. At last he learnt how to make the right machines to carry him through the air. Now he can fly faster than sound. Already he has plans for conquering space, and a series of experiments has been completed. 49) It will not be long now before man takes a giant step away from his planet and visits the moon, learning what it is like to have no weight to his body, no upward direction and no downward.

Man, always a wanderer, has to overcome the difficulty of adapting himself to different climates. 50) Fortunately, in spite of having no thick skin or warm fur to protect him, he is peculiarly p compared with other living creatures, most of whom are unable to live far outside the region that suits them best.

48) Man found that his own muscles were too weak for the work which he wanted to do; he explored many other forms of power until now he has his hands on the ultimate source of physical energy, the nuclear power.
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单项选择题

下列哪个键能将图象放大（）。

A.方向键

B.图象增强键

C.剔除键

D.ZO0M键
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