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问题 探究题

合作探究学习：

1986年12月30日，一家报纸上登载的头条新闻写着：被誉为世界奇迹的秦始皇兵马俑，发掘工作最近又取得了突破性进展。在兵马俑里，发现了一批我国秦代农作物种子：稻、粟、麦、高粱、玉米等，还有瓜果类的葡萄、核桃等，蔬菜类的胡萝卜，以及马饲料苜蓿草。同时还惊人的发现写着隶书的纸片……小徐看完后肯定地说：“这条考古新闻报道上有错误，有一些作物坑中根本不可能有若是真的从坑中掘到，那一定不是秦代人所放，至少是后代人在西汉时放进兵马俑坑的。”小林说：“你能这样绝对肯定？”小徐说：“是。”你认为小徐分析的对么，如果不对，你是如何认为？

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答案

稻与粟在氏族部落时就种植了；麦原产西亚，商周传入中国，两种可能出现。而高粱在魏晋是才传入中国，玉米原产中美洲，16世纪传入中国。瓜果、蔬菜与饲料在张骞（西汉）通西域后，由西域通过丝绸之路传入内地。西汉前期，人们发明了纸，东汉蔡伦发明造纸术。坑中若有秦以后的东西，可能是西汉或更晚人们放入的。

单项选择题

Opinion polls are now beginning to show that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely.
But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm Should we not rather encourage many ways for self-respecting people to work Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production and work
The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people’s homes. Later, as transport improved first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many people’s work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they live.
Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In preindustrial times, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and families to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today, and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status suffered. As employment became the dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded—a problem now,as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change.
The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal crea- ting jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

Which of the ibllowing is NOT suggested as a possible means to cope with the current situation,9

A．Create situations in which people work for themselves．
B．Treat employment as the norm．
C．Endeavor to revive the household and the neighborhood as centers of production．
D．Encourage people to work in circumstances other than normal working conditions．
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选择题

下面一组漫画所蕴含的寓意是

[ ]

A．社会主义最终目标是实现同步富裕

B．以经济建设为中心，大力发展生产力

C．提高人民群众的物质文化生活水平

D．先富帮带后富，最终达到共同富裕

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