问题 解答题

营养学家指出,成人良好的日常饮食应该至少提供0.075 kg的碳水化合物,0.06 kg的蛋白质,0.06 kg的脂肪.1 kg食物A含有0.105 kg碳水化合物,0.07 kg蛋白质,0.14 kg脂肪,花费28元;而1kg食物B含有0.105 kg碳水化合物,0.14 kg蛋白质,0.07 kg脂肪,花费21元.为了满足营养专家指出的日常饮食要求,同时使花费最低,需要同时食用食物A和食物B多少kg?

答案

每天食用食物A约143 g,食物B约571g,能够满足日常饮食要求,又使花费最低,

最低成本为16元.

设每天食用kg食物A,kg食物B,总成本为

那么

目标函数为

二元一次不等式组等价于

作出二元一次不等式组所表示的平面区域,即可行域.

考虑,将它变形为,这是斜率为,随变化的一族平行直线.是直线在轴上的截距,当取最小值时,的值最小.当然直线要与可行域相交,即在满足约束条件时目标函数取得最小值.

由此可见,当直线经过可行域上的点时,截距最小,即最小.

解方程组的坐标为

所以

由此可知,每天食用食物A约143 g,食物B约571g,能够满足日常饮食要求,又使花费最低,最低成本为16元.

完形填空
完形填空。
     Soon it would be the holidays, but before that, there were year exams. All the   1   were reviewing (复习)
their lessons for the exams. If they didn't   2  , they would have to retake (重考). Usually a few students   3  ,
but Jane didn't want to be one of them. She had worked hard all year,   4   just before the exams she was
working so hard that her sister Barbara was   5   about her. She went to bed too   6  . The night before the
exam, Barbara   7   her to go to bed early and take a   8   pill (安眠药). She promised to wake   9   up in the
morning.
     When Jane was in the bed. Her  10  kept jumping from subject to subject. At last, with the help of  11 ,
she went to sleep. Then she had a dream: she was sitting in the examination hall, looking at the examination 
 12 , but she couldn't answer any of the questions.  13  around her was writing pages and gages.  14  she
thought hard (认真思考), she couldn't find anything to write  15 . She kept looking at her  16 . Time was
running out. There was only an hour to go. She started one question, wrote two sentences,  17  and tried
another one. With only half an hour left she wrote another two sentences. By this time she was so worried
that she started  18 . Her whole body shook (颤抖). It shook so much that she  19  up. She was still in bed
and it had all been a  20  dream. A minute later, Barbara called her name.
( )1. A. teachers       
( )2. A. prepare        
( )3. A. succeeded      
( )4. A. but            
( )5. A. excited        
( )6. A. early          
( )7. A.asked           
( )8. A. sleeping       
( )9. A. him            
( )10. A. hand            
(     )11. A. her sister      
( )12. A. result          
( )13. A. The teacher     
( )14. A.If               
( )15. A. with            
( )16. A. watch           
( )17. A. gave up         
( )18. A. examining       
( )19. A. raised          
( )20. A. nice            
B. students     
B. miss         
B. failed       
B. so           
B. frightened   
B. late         
B. let          
B. resting      
B. her          
B. foot         
B. her parents  
B. marks        
B. The students     
B. Though       
B. about        
B. textbook     
B. put off      
B. leaving      
B. woke         
B. wonderful    
C. people        
C. join          
C. ended         
C. and           
C. worried       
C. heavily       
C. made          
C. exciting      
C. them          
C. mind          
C. the lessons   
C. desk          
C. No one        
C. So            
C. on            
C. sister        
C. look around      
C. copying       
C. stood         
C. terrible      
D. schools    
D. pass       
D. called     
D. because    
D. pleased    
D. eagerly    
D. have       
D. breathing  
D. herself    
D. body       
D. the medicine              
D. paper      
D. Everyone   
D. How        
D. to         
D. subject    
D. think over 
D. crying     
D. cheered    
D. special    
单项选择题