问题 单项选择题

《灵枢•本神》篇指出,肺藏气,气舍()

A、志

B、魄

C、神

D、意

E、魂

答案

参考答案:B

单项选择题

美国科学家声称,人生来有两个脑,即颅脑与肠脑。  肠脑位于食管、胃脏、小肠与结肠内层组织的鞘中,含有神经细胞、神经递质、蛋白质和复杂的环形线路。结肠炎、过敏性肠综合症等都与肠脑内产生的问题有关。肠脑中几乎能找到颅脑赖以运转和控制的所有物质,如血清素、多巴胺、谷氨酸、去甲肾上腺素、一氧化氮等。此外,肠脑中还存在多种被称为神经肽的脑蛋白、脑啡肽以及对神经起显著作用的化学物质。  颅脑面临惊恐时释出的应激激素套种击胃脏发生痉挛;惊恐又引起交感神经影响肠脑的血清素分泌量。应激激素过分刺激还会导致腹泻。当情绪压抑时,食管神经受到高度刺激会感到吞咽困难;颅脑释出的应激激素还会改变胃脏与食管间的神经功能,导致胃灼热。最初的脑神经系统起始于管形动物,生存竞争需要更复杂的颅脑,从而发展了中枢神经系统。重要的肠神经系统不能进入头颅与胃肠相联,而为了适应高级动物进食和消化的需要,自然法则就保存了有独立功能的肠神经系统。就人而言,早期胚胎发育中产生的神经,一部分进入了中枢神经系统,另一部分变成肠神经系统,通过迷走神经连接两者――颅脑和肠脑。

根据文意,肠脑之所以称为"脑",下列理解不准确的一项

A.它是不依赖中枢神经系统而独立活动的神经系统

B.它的物质构成中含有神经细胞及对其起显著作用的物质

C.它具有同颅脑一样的能够控制肠胃运转的独立功能

D.它起源于管形动物的脑神经系统并从中分化出来

阅读理解

After successfully serving their term for 4 years, military service men and women are given the choice to stay in the military or return to civilian(平民)life.

For some, having to readjust to civilian life is one of the most challenging assignments our returning soldiers and marines(水兵)will ever have to undertake. While people may think readjusting should be simple, they must take into consideration all the physical and mental stress our servicemen went through.

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder(创伤后应急障碍), or PTSD, is a mental disorder that can occur following the experience or witnessing of life-threatening events such as military combat(打仗).

Most survivors of trauma return to normal given a little time. In the military, the marines are given a two-week course on how to return to civilian life.

Unfortunately, some will have stress reactions that do not go away on their own, or may even get worse over time. These individuals may develop PTSD.

People who suffer from PTSD have difficulty sleeping because they are often reliving the experience through nightmares(梦魇)and flashbacks, and feel deserted or often stand off, and these symptoms can be severe enough and last long enough to significantly damage the person’s daily life.

Fullerton College, like most colleges, has its own Veteran’s(老兵)Office. Ray Bustos has been running the office for 3 years. Bustos acts as a liaison(联络) for the school and the veteran students. He makes sure the veterans returning to school get the right benefits. There are various types of financial aid for soldiers and marines. He strongly encourages the use of the Veterans Affairs website.

The website is very informative and extremely helpful for veterans as well as for friends and relatives of veterans who want to learn more.

小题1:One purpose of the writer in writing the passage is ________________.

A.to introduce some methods to cure PTSD

B.to instruct PTSD patients to return to civilian life

C.to recommend a website for veterans and people concerned

D.to give military service men and women advice on civilian life小题2:What problems will some returning soldiers and marines meet with?

A.How to readjust to civilian life.

B.How to get rid of mental diseases

C.How to get along with PTSD patients

D.How to return to school for benefits.小题3:Which of the following is true about Ray Bustos?

A.He’s a veteran who has just come back from a military combat.

B.He runs Fullerton College with a veteran office.

C.He’s in charge of an office dealing with veteran affairs.

D.He provides a lot of financial aid for soldiers and marines.小题4:The best title for the passage is __________.

A. PTSD: Killer of A Civilian Life.          B. The Last Assignment For All Military Persons

C. How to Overcome PTSD.                   D. Ready for a Civilian Life?