问题 完形填空

阅读下面短文,简要回答所给问题。

To Protect the environment, China has put a ban on thin plastic bag (plastic bag thinner than 0.025mm) From June 1, 2008. China stopped the production, sale and use of these plastic bags to the public.

Plastic bags can cause “white pollution”, because they can take 400-1000 years to break down. They pollute the soil and water. Plastic bags also cause a serious danger to animals. Animals often mistake plastic bags for food. Thousands of them die each year after eating plastic bags.

So what kind of bags will be the best to use when we are shopping? Recently some students made their own shopping bags. Most students used old clothes to make their bags. They painted pictures like the Olympic rings on them. But Li Lei had a more traditional way to make her bag. She weaved(编织) a bamboo basket . It was not an easy job. With her grandfather’s help, Li Lei spent the whole afternoon making it .What can we do? Refuse plastic bags and persuade people to use environmentally shopping bags instead of plastic ones. Try to recycle the one we have .

小题1:Did Li Lei make her shopping bag by herself?

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小题2:Why do plastic bags cause a serious danger to animals?

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小题3:What kind of material did most students use to make their shopping bags?

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小题4:When did China stop the production , sale and use of these plastic bags ?

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小题5:According to the passage, what should we do to protect the environment? (One example is OK.)

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答案

小题1:No,she didn’t

小题2:Animals often mistake plastic bags for food . Thousands of die after eating plastic bags

小题3:They used old clothes to make their bags .

小题4:On June 1, 2008.

小题5:We should refuse plastic bags.

小题1:细节理解题,根据文中语句“But Li Lei had a more traditional way to make her bag. She weaved(编织) a bamboo basket .”理解可知。

小题2:细节理解题,根据文中语句“Animals often mistake plastic bags for food. Thousands of them die each year after eating plastic bags.”理解可知。

小题3:细节理解题,根据文中语句“They used old clothes to make their bags .”理解可知。

小题4:细节理解题,根据文中语句“From June 1, 2008. China stopped the production, sale and use of these plastic bags to the public.”理解可知。

小题5:(略)

多项选择题
问答题 案例分析题

阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一:国家杜马(1906—1917年)是俄国的议会式全国代表机构。二十世纪初期,由于俄国资本主义的发展,资产阶级经济和政治力量的加强,特别是1905年革命的强大压力,迫使沙皇召开立法性国家杜马。沙皇政府企图借助国家杜马,拉拢资产阶级,扩大统治基础,消弭革命。以下是沙皇政府有关国家杜马法令的摘录:

1906年沙皇颁布的《国家杜马章程}规定:“杜马的代表由帝国居民选举产生,拥有立法权、财政预算审批权、质询权”。但同时又规定“皇帝有权在杜马任期结束前将其解散(实际上沙皇多次使用这项权力解散杜马)”,“杜马通过的决议若皇帝不予批准,则本次年会期间不得再次提交立法审议”。在颁布《国家杜马章程》同时,沙皇还颁布了《国务会议章程》,规定由沙皇任命贵族地主居多数的国务会议拥有与杜马同等的立法权,国务会议实际上成为议会上院。

1906年沙皇政府又颁布了《国家杜马选举法》。该法标榜“帝国居民不分阶级、财产、出身,均享有选举权”。同时又规定:土地所有者(贵族地主)每2千人产生一名议员候选人,而企业主(资产阶级)、农民、工人则分别由7千人、3万人、9万人中产生一名议员候选人,即土地所有者的一票相当于企业主的3票,农民的15票,工人的45票。

材料二:二战后,法兰西第四共和国成立。在制宪时期,戴高乐主张权力制衡,构建一种全新的共和政体——设立拥有实权的总统、加强内阁职权。但不为传统党派人士所采纳,新宪法对立法和行 * * 地位的调整朝着与戴高乐意愿相反的方向发展。……在中央各机构的设置中,国民议会被提到前所未有的高度,政府沦为其附属物,总统的权力更是被进一步架空。由于政党多元零散的状况没有得到改变,加上立法选举采取比例代表制的原因,议会内部党派结构较之前更为复杂。因此,形成稳定多数派的难度也加大了,行政机构的更迭更加频繁,政策也更加软弱无力。目睹多党机制再度过度运作,戴高乐黯然离开政坛。第四共和国宪法确立的政体仅运行了12年。1958年,在面对阿尔及利亚危机时此政体依旧没能克服其行政软弱,议会涣散的弊端。依赖强者的政治传统再次发挥作用,戴高乐在危急关头被推举为 * * ,并由国会赋予其制宪权。新宪法确立了倚重行政的机构设置,戴高乐在阔别政坛12年后终得依照自己的意愿重构共和政体。第五共和国宪法确立了拥有相当实权的总统、脱离议会产生的内阁及被规范化的议会。此外,戴高乐还变更了选举制度。法国依靠新宪法确立的政治体制,顺利解决了阿尔及利亚问题,克服了议会内部党派繁多涣散的弊病,行政机构的稳定和高效也得以彰显。

——孙荣锋:《1958宪政改革对当代法国政治的影响》

根据材料二概括指出法兰西从第四共和国到第五共和国政体的变化及原因。(12分)