问题 选择题

需求法则是指商品需求随其价格的上升而下降,随其价格下降而上升的一般规律。但生活中有时东西越贵越有人买,如天降大雨,小贩趁机提价推销雨伞,雨伞却卖得不错。这表明此时

A.需求法则不起作用

B.处于卖方市场

C.处于买方市场

D.雨伞的价值上升

答案

答案:B

题目分析:价格由价值决定,受供关系的影响围绕价值上下波动。当一种商品供不应求时,商品生产者会提高价格,消费者不得不接受,此时对商品生产者有利,是卖方市场。材料中天降大雨,小贩趁机提价推销雨伞,雨伞却卖得不错,说明此时处于卖方市场,选B。A错误,此时并没有违反需求法则;C错误;D错误,价值是由生产商品的的社会必要劳动时间决定的,材料未涉及价值的变化。

考点: 本题考查考生对卖方市场的理解

单项选择题 案例分析题

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960’s and 70’s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantly.

A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic (北极的) snow were declining.

In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate (区分) the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.

In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the Northeastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.

Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.

The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990. The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.

Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem (生态系统) respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.

The authors of the Ambio study have found that()

A.forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expected

B.lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal with

C.lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the US

D.the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions

单项选择题