问题 阅读理解与欣赏

        近段时间,西方世界有点乱,而最引人注目的,是英国的伦敦骚乱。骚乱首先在伦敦开始,源于伦敦北部的托特纳姆一个29岁黑人疑为警务人员枪杀。民众借助Twitter、Facebook等社交网站和黑莓手机通信隐蔽、通信终端相对封闭、可躲开警方追踪等功能,彼此呼应,聚众进行打、砸、抢等严重犯罪活动。骚乱最终波及利物浦、伯明翰、曼彻斯特等主要城市,各地被迫动用16000多名警力、逮捕1500余人。按照西方媒体的说法,推特、脸谱等社交网站在这次骚乱中,起了推波助澜的作用,有西方媒体惊呼:我们被互联网“反咬”了一口。

        当西方国家正惴惴不安于伦敦等地的“有害信息串联”方式会不会如癌症一样,扩大、发酵其本身存在的经济低迷、高失业率、福利压缩等问题,最终如星星之火,终成燎原之势;当英国首相卡梅伦说:“信息的自由流动可以用于行善,但也能被用于作恶”;当英国《金融时报》刊出“这次骚乱恰恰证明了,网络是同街道一样的空间。如同街道会被匪徒洗劫,网络也会被不怀好意者侵袭。英国政府和警方必须在街道上严厉打击暴徒,以维护社会治安;他们也有责任在网络上清理犯罪,美化暴行、唆使人们犯罪的言论,即使在英国,也无权享有自由”:“言论自由是不是应当有边界?”、“对互联网,如推特、脸谱等的监管是否过于宽松?”等问题引起了西方和世界各国的讨论和关注。活生生的现实提醒美欧领导人,现在该是他们正视现实,与其他国家携手研究互联网监管、研究如何对互联网趋利避害,避免类似情况发生的时候了。而这种监管和趋利避害,是建立在两个基础上的:一、各国政治体制、社会状况有差异;二、虚拟社交网站如果没有法律的有效约束会逐渐集聚能量,会成为对全人类基本秩序构成威胁的巨大不确定性。承认各国政治体制、社会状况的差异,依法有序管理互联网,才能让“被互联网反‘咬’一口”的惊呼不再出现。

        伦敦骚乱,让一直受西方国家指责互联网管理严格的其他国家突然发现:互联网原来是“中性的”!骚乱,打碎了美欧国家对互联网仅仅“是搅乱非西方国家利器”的幻觉,终结了西方利用互联网及手机技术,在本世纪发展中国家几次大规模动荡中,推波助澜、坐山观虎斗的乐趣。鼓吹网络自由、信息自由流动的美欧国家,却首先被网络这把“双刃剑”所伤,“网络自由论”在其国家领导人、地方政要的“唱反调”、“断网”、“关停黑莓手机功能”等言论、举措中化为泡影。

        中国是互联网发展迅速、网民数量最多的国家之一。从美国国务卿希拉里公开指责中国的网络监管、鼓吹网络自由化,到西方势力在“茉莉花革命”中支持突尼斯人通过网络聚集、散布街头集会信息,使我们对脸谱总裁扎可伯格 “接受网络自由之利,就要接受其弊” 的话有了更深的理解和体会,趋利避害,不断完善互联网相关法规,积极有效的进行互联网管理,摒弃绝对的“自由”观,认清美欧国家互联网“开放”的“双重标准”,走自己的互联网发展之路,避免互联网、社交网站助推的“伦敦模式”骚乱的再现,构建开放、有序、和谐、共赢的互联网世界相对“自由”的环境,是中国每一个网民、每一个网站运行商的职责,这,不仅仅是公民言论自由的保证,更是国家稳定、和谐发展的保证。

        “已所不欲,勿施于人”,美欧国家利用对互联网的控制权、把互联网作为推广其“自由、民主”价值观的重要阵地,不遗余力的渗透、影响其他与自己的价值观、民主观不同的国家的想法和行为,在伦敦骚乱、“后院起火”的事实面前遭到痛击!世界上,本就没有绝对的“自由”、没有放之四海而皆准的“民主”,尊重别人,尊重国体不同、传统不同而形成的不同标准的“民主”、“自由”,是我们从伦敦骚乱中应该汲取的一个教训。

        (来源: 千龙网 袁铁军2011-8-22撰文,有删节。)

1.本文的主要论题是(     )

A.伦敦骚乱和网络自由

B.互联网的利弊分析

C.网络自由和政府监管

D.中西价值网络交锋

2.下列说法不符合原文意思的一项是(     )

A.欧美标榜的文明的伦敦竟发生了恶性的骚乱。西方媒体认为推特、脸谱等网络媒体直接引发和推动了伦敦骚乱的产生、发展和不断蔓延。

B.互联网也会产生恶劣的负面影响,它可以“搅乱非西方国家”,也可以对倡导发展它的西方国家“反咬”一口。可见,网络需要严格的法律监管已成国际共识。

C.为避免被网络“双刃剑”伤害,中国政府采取了有效的管理措施,虽不能保障公民言论的绝对自由,但至少保障了 * * 的稳定和社会的和谐。

D.国际社会应该尊重不同国家的不同价值观,而欧美国家利用互联网统一和推广价值观的行为必将遭到世人的反对和现实的挫败。

3.结合原文内容,联系现实国情,简要谈谈我国应如何发展互联网。

答:____________________________________________________________

答案

1.C

2.A

3.①中国网络发展迅速、网民数量极多,网络发展关乎国计与民生,涉及稳定与发展,必须辨证看待,慎重处理。②网络利弊互见,是一把“双刃剑”,我们必须趋利避害,尤其是要处理好自由与法治之间的关系,避免走向任一极端。既充分发挥它的积极作用,如保证公民言论自由等;更应防止它的负面影响,如杜绝因其助推伦敦骚乱之类的恶性事件等。③对现在美欧国家倡导的互联网“开放”,我们要认清其“双重标准”的实质,坚定不移地走自己的互联网发展之路,构建开放、有序、和谐、共赢的互联网世界。(意对即可)

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Downing the last drop of an expensive famous brand H2O as weIl as remembering to

throw the empty bottle in the recycling bin.makes you feel pretty good about yourself, right?

It shouldn't. Even when the bottles are recycled, there are all kinds of otherconsequences of

swallowing bottled water, says Melissa Peffers, the air-quality program manager for

Environmental Defense.

    The containers are often filled in foraway lands, then shipped from abroad,and stored in

refrigerators at your local store. Compare that with the influence on environment of turning

on your tap ,filling a glass,and drinking up!

    Anyone who is choosing bottled water for health reasons ismisguided,says Peffers,"Most

bottled water is just tap water." And what comes out of your tap is carefully monitored to

follow the strictrules. Consider another fact that bottled water is surprisingly expensive.

especially when compared with the altemative,which is almost free ,andit is astonishing that

America's desire for bottled water seems impassibleto satisfy,reaching nearly 30 billion

bottles a year.

    "My parents' generation never  had  bottled water, "saysIsabelle Silverman,an

Environinental Defense legal adviser. She hasmade a commitment to going bottle free."You

don't need to fetch ithome from the store,and it's cheaper, " she adds

Bottled water's role as a status symbol needs to change,Pefferspoints out. So when a waiter

at an expensive restaurant offers"Andwhat's your drink?"that's no reason to forget your

conviction(信念). "Don't be afraid to say,'I'll have tap.' Say it loud enoughthat the other

tables nearby can hear you,"Peffers says,"And thenspend that money on a dessert. "

1. In the first paragraph,the underlined sentence"It shouldn't."suggest that people________.

A. shouldn't feel pleased with finishing the water in the bottle

B. shouldn't feel good about drinkinl an expensive brand H2O

C. shouldn't be content with just recycling empty bottles

D. shouldn't be satisfied with drinking only bottled water

2. According to the author, tap water is_________. 

A. as safe as bottled water

B. more likely to be polluted

C. healthier than bottled water

D. less convenient than bottled water

3. The underlined part"going bottle free"(in Paragraph 4)means"______". 

A. making bottled water free

B. abandoning bottled water

C. recycling used water bottles

D. providing free water containers

4. Why does Peffers ask people to say"I'll have tap."loudly?

A. To encourage them to set an example for others to follow.

B. To advise them to save the money for one more dessert.

C. To remind them to be aware of their social status.

D. To persuade them to speak confidently in public.

填空题