问题 名词解释

镜中我(库利)

答案

参考答案:

库利认为,一个人的自我观念是在与其他人的交往中形成的,一个人对自己的认识是其他人关于自己看法的反映。人们总是在想别人对自己的评价之中形成了自我的观念。“一个人对于自我有了某种明确的想象——即他有了某种想法——涌现在自己心中,一个人所具有的这种自我感觉是由取决于别人思想的、别人对于自己的态度所决定的。这种类型的社会我可以称作„反射的自我‟或曰„镜中我‟。”库利的镜中我概念有三个阶段或三重含义构成。

1我们所想象的我们在别人面前的形象,这是感觉阶段,是我们设想的、他人的感觉。

2我们所想象的、别人对我们这种形象的评价,这是解释或定义的阶段,即我们想象的他人的判断。3由上述想象中产生的某种自我感觉。这是自我反映的阶段。

库利提出“镜中我”的概念,用以强调个人与社会之间有机的和稳定的联系。他认为问题不在与承认个人或社会哪一个处在优势,而是要考虑个人如何存在于群体之中,以及群体如何存在于个人之中。与他的群体论相一致,他假定:“一个单独的个体是未曾经验过的抽象;同样,一个社会,当被视为与个体分离的事物时也是如此。真实的是,人的生活可以从个人方面去考察,也可以从社会的,即总的方面去考察。”他的这种认识与极端原子论的个人主义相对立,而以相互作用或相互渗透作为社会学研究的特征。

阅读理解

If you had only three years left to live, how would you spend your time? It’s a hard question and few of us would even like to think about it. But 18-year-old Huang Ge has to answer this question and he says, “I want to thank the people who have helped me.”

At the age of one, Huang’s mother left the family. Six years later, he was badly ill. He has been using a wheelchair since 9 years old. Doctors said he would only live to 18.After Huang’s story went on TV, hundreds of people sent money to help him. The boy was so moved that he decided to thank every one of them. But he has to be tied to his wheelchair. And the family can only afford a three-wheeled motorcycle(三轮摩托). Since 2003, the father and son have traveled 14,000 kilometers, to 10 provinces, and thanked more than 30 helpers.          

“I am moved by the story of the boy. We need the courage to face death, and we should also show our gratefulness to those who help us,” says an online post on CCTV. com.

小题1:_________, Huang Ge started to use a wheelchair.

A.When he was 9 years old

B.When he was 18 years old

C.When he was 10 years old

D.When he was 6 years old小题2:Huang and his father took a _________to thank the helpers.

A.train

B.ship

C.motorcycle

D.bus小题3:The underlined word “gratefulness” means _______________

A.诚信

B.奉献

C.宽容

D.感谢小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A.Hundreds of people sent money to help him.

B.Huang Ge’s mother left the family.

C.Huang Ge and his father have thanked more than 30 helpers.

D.Huang Ge was badly ill at the age of one.小题5:Which is the best title for the passage?

A.A Great Success

B.An Interesting Trip

C.A Grateful Heart

D.A TV Show

单项选择题