问题 解答题

如图是某草原生态系统的食物网图解,请据图回答.

(1)该食物网中共有______条食物链.请写出其中最短的一条食物链______.

(2)食草昆虫和鼠的关系是______.青蛙、蜘蛛、蛇等生物进行生命活动所需要的能量最终来源于______.

(3)为减少害虫对牧草的危害,牧民会在草场上喷洒农药,一段时间后,体内农药含量最多的生物是______.

(4)图中生产者是______,图中所有动物统称为______,需要构成一个生态系统,图中还缺少______和______,它们统称为分解者.

(5)该食物网中数量最多的生物是______,数量最少的生物是______.通过食物控制食物网,生态系统进行着物质和能量的活动.

答案

(1)生态系统中,生产者与消费者之间的关系,主要是吃与被吃的关系,这样就形成了食物链;一个生态系统中往往有很多条食物链,这些食物链相互关联,就形成了食物网;该食物网中共有6条食物链.1、草→鼠→猫头鹰;2、草→鼠→蛇→猫头鹰3、草→食草昆虫→吃虫鸟→猫头鹰;4、草→食草昆虫→蜘蛛→吃虫鸟→猫头鹰;5、草→食草昆虫→蜘蛛→青蛙→蛇→猫头鹰;6、草→食草昆虫→青蛙→蛇→猫头鹰.其中最短的一条食物链:草→鼠→猫头鹰.

(2)生物与生物之间的关系主要是捕食关系和竞争关系,图中食草昆虫和鼠都以草为食,它们之间的关系是竞争关系;生态系统中的能量来自于生产者通过光合作用固定的太阳能,然后通过取食沿食物链流动;该生态系统中的生产者是草,因此青蛙、蜘蛛、蛇等生物进行生命活动所需要的能量来源于草.

(3)生态系统中的有毒物质会沿食物链不断积累,因此营养级别最高的生物,其体内积累的有毒物质会最多;在该生态系统中猫头鹰所处的营养级别最高,其体内的农药含量会最高.

(4)生态系统由生物部分和非生物部分组成,生物部分包括生产者、消费者和分解者,非生物部分包括阳光、空气、水、温度、土壤等.图中生产者是草,图中所有动物统称为消费者,需要构成一个生态系统,图中还缺少分解者和非生物部分,它们统称为分解者.

(5)在一个生态系统中,由于能量沿食物链流动过程中是逐级递减的,所以数量最多的生物应是生产者,数量最少的是最高级消费者--鹰.因此该食物网中数量最多的是草,最少的是鹰.

故答案为:(1)草→鼠→猫头鹰;(2)竞争;草;(3)猫头鹰;(4)草;消费者;分解者;非生物部分;(5)草;猫头鹰.

填空题
阅读理解

The run-up to the launch of China's first lunar orbiter at the end of this month has caught the country's imagination, with more than two thirds of the nation hoping to see the launch live on TV, according to a survey.                              

According to the survey by China Youth Daily and www.qq.com, almost the entire nation hopes to catch images of the event at some point, with 99 percent of the 10358 respondents saying they expected to witness the satellite launch and 68.9 percent said they were certain to watch the live broadcast of the launch. On www.qq.com and www.sina.com, two popular web portals in the country, internet users have contributed some 2,000 poems and 5000 drawings on the theme of Chang'e I.

"The satellite launch means much more than just saying 'hello' to the moon. Maybe in the future we could also send some people to accompany sister 'Chang'e'," said a college student in the survey.

Remarkably, many people expect to visit the moon one day, with 93.4 percent of respondents saying they expected to do so.

Chang'e I is named after Chang'e, a famous character from Chinese mythology. She ascended from earth to live on the moon as a celestial being after drinking an elixir.

There is also another connection between the moon and China. In the 1970s, a crater on the moon was named after a Chinese stargazer, Wan Hu, who is said to be the first astronaut in human history.

Legend says about 600 years ago, around the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Wan Hu, a local government official, tried to fly into space with the help of a chair, two big kites and 47 self-made gunpowder-filled rockets. According to the legend after the rockets were lit there was a huge bang and lots of smoke. When the smoke cleared Wan was nowhere to be found.

China's first astronaut flew into space in 2003 with the launch of the Chinese-made spaceship Shenzhou V. China became the third country, after the Soviet Union and the United States, to carry out manned space missions.

小题1:Which is true according to the passage?

A.According to a survey, two thirds of the nation are hoping to see the launch live on TV,

B.The internet users have drawn some 5000 pictures of ‘Chang’e’.

C.Wan Hu, a Chinese stargazer(n. 看星星的人,占星师,天文学家) , was dead after the huge bang and a lot of smoke.

D.China’s first astronaut flew into space in 2003 in the spaceship Shenzhou VI.小题2:What’s the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 5?

A.a kind of medicine for long life.

B.a kind of medicine to make you light enough to fly in the air.

C.a kind of wine

D.a kind of alcohol.小题3:Why was Wan Hu said to be the first astronaut in human history?

A.Because a crater on the moon was named after his name.

B.Because he was the first to go to the moon in his own “spaceship”.

C.Because of his courage for scientific experiment to the moon.

D.Because he made the first rocket in human history.