问题 完形填空

Scientists find that hard-working people can live longer than idle(不工作的) people. Career women are healthier than housewives. Evidence shows that the jobless are in poorer health than the job-holder. A report shows that whenever the unemployment rate(失业率) increases by 1%, the death rate increases by 2%. All this comes down to one point: work is helpful to health.

Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy, away from loneliness. Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are busy. Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard. Work serves as a bridge between man and reality(现实). By work, people come into contact with each other. By taking part in some activities, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work means the loss of everything. It affects man in spirit and makes him easy to get ill.

Besides, work gives one a sense of fulfillment(充实感) and a sense of achievement. Work makes one feel his value in society. When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow, they are happy beyond words.

From the above we can come to the conclusion that the more you work, the happier and healthier you will be. Let us work hard and study well and live a happy and healthy life.

小题1:Who can live longer, hard-working people or idle people?

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小题2:How do people feel when they don’t have anything to do?

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小题3:How can we find friendship and warmth in our daily life?

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小题4:Why can career women be healthier than housewives? (请根据文章内容,自拟1句话作答)

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小题5:What do you think hard work can bring us? (请根据自己的想法,自拟1-2句话作答)

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答案

小题1:Hard-working people.

小题2:Unhappy, worried/….

小题3:By taking part in some activities.

小题4:Because work keeps them busy, away from loneliness. /…

小题5:A Sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement./…

题目分析:这篇文章讲述的是工作能够给人们带来充实感和成就感,也比不工作的人要更健康。

小题1:根据文章Scientists find that hard-working people can live longer than idle(不工作的) people.可知,努力工作的人们要比不工作的人的寿命更长。故回答Hard-working people.

小题2:根据文章Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried when they have nothing to do.可知,当人们没有事情做得时候,就会感到不开心,并且担心。故回答Unhappy, worried/….

小题3:根据文章By taking part in some activities, they find friendship and warmth.可知,通过参加一些活动,人们会找到友谊和温暖。故回答By taking part in some activities.

小题4:根据文章It is because work keeps people busy, away from loneliness.可知,因为工作使人们繁忙,远离孤独。故回答Because work keeps them busy, away from loneliness. /…

小题5:根据文章work gives one a sense of fulfillment(充实感) and a sense of achievement.可知,工作能够带给人们充实感和成就感。故回答A Sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement./…

点评:对于此类题型的解答,可以将整个文段首先浏览一遍,大概理解意思。答题过程中,根据文章所提供的信息或是后文进行作答,同时,做题过程中注意看懂句意及不要遗漏了某一个细节点,答完后注意通读检查是否符合逻辑,符合题意的要求。

单项选择题

有科学家认为,由父母选择基因“组合”下一代的时代已快来临了。在“组合”未来的“非常婴儿”方面,父母们面对的是一道多项选择题,他们可以选择让婴儿能抵抗常见疾病和感染的基因,这样婴儿不会害怕癌症、心脏病等;父母让孩子的个子长高一点、头发浓密一点也并非难事。 

在美国的普林斯顿,科学家们成功地利用基因改善了老鼠的大脑功能,经过“加工”的老鼠比其他普通老鼠明显聪明得多。这种神奇的效果来自于从外界植入老鼠体内的一种基因,这种基因产生名为NR2B的化学物质。人脑当然比老鼠的大脑复杂得多,但它们的工作原理实际上是一样的。 

至于说到为孩子选择人格与个性,实也不是匪夷所思的专家相信,个人个性的特点中至少有一半是由基因的特性决定的。 

科学家打算将来自不同个体的基因――比如聪明一些的和迟钝一些的,好看的和普通的――混合在一起进行研究,以便了解为什么人们会在力量、耐力、敏捷性等方面有差异。当这些主管天赋与性格的基因的奥秘解开之后,未来的父母就离“设计”自己的孩子又近了一步。但技术上的难题是,人为注入的基因大部分都是人体内自有的,因此如何确保这些外来基因能发挥作用,取代原来的基因是个关键。 

有专家对基因工程能否如人们所认为的那样大步向前跃进持怀疑态度,因为在基因和染色体的世界里,随机性因素很多,基因一旦站错了队,不仅不能发挥出人们预先估计的作用,反而会给别的重要基因带来影响,甚至破坏它们。 

要想给人的自然基因“升级”,只有通过“人造染色体”,可是人的染色体数目的标准是23对,加进人造染色体后,就必然引起染色体数量上的变化。如果未来人类还遵循有性繁殖规律的话,这些多出来的染色体还会传给下一代,这会带来什么后果多出来的染色体怎么办就是世界一流的科学家现在也无法对这些问题做出明确回答。

有些专家对选择基因“组合”下一代能够大步跃进持怀疑态度,对其原因理解正确的一项是()。

A.因为如何确保外来基因能发挥作用,取代原有的基因这一关键问题尚未解决

B.因为在基因和染色体的世界里,随机性因素很多,基因一旦站错队,反而会起破坏作用

C.因为技术上的难题是,人为注入的基因都是人体内自有的,很难听人的安排

D.因为要想给人的自然基因“升级”,就必然通过“人造染色体”,而“人造染色体”的合成技术是个难题

单项选择题