问题 问答题 论述题

什么是代差?结合实际阐述代差给社会带来的影响。

答案

参考答案:

代差也有人称为代沟,是指两代人之间在思想、价值观念、生活态度以及兴趣、爱好等方面的差别。从社会学意义上理解,代差反映的是在两代人生活的这个时代里,整个社会结构、社会生活的变化速度和程度,也反映出两代人在社会化各阶段上的差异。整个社会系统变化越迅速、越深刻,那么两代人在各自的社会化中所形成的个人信念、个性、价值观念、行为方式等等的差异也就越大、越宽。在社会发展的转型时期,整个社会系统正在经历着急剧而深刻的整体性的结构变化,同时带动社会的规范体系、价值标准、行为方式也发生令人惊心触目的变化。这一切导致广大社会成员,特别是新、老两代人之间的思想观念、兴趣爱好、行为方式等等方面的差异对立和冲突。一个社会如果对此没有一个正确的认识的话,就不能有意识地加以调适,必然造成亲子之间、家庭成员之间、甚至两代人之间的冲突,引起种种社会问题。对其加以解决,以避免造成更大的社会矛盾和社会冲突,就必须要有一个客观的认识。首先,我们认识到代差在各个时代、各个社会中是客观存在的。因为社会是发展的,有发展就有变化,有变化,就有差异。其次,对代差的性质要做具体的分析。不能一概否定老的、旧的、传统的,要客观、理性的分析、理解。第三,不同社会、不同社会历史条件下,对不同的代差状况也要采取不同对策。如何控制或引导由代差引发的问题或矛盾,最终要以能否达到社会的良性运行和协调发展为基准。因此,我们要正视它的存在,充分认识到它在社会发展中的积极作用。

完形填空
完形填空。
     There was once a young ballerina (芭蕾舞演员) who had taken ballet lessons all through her childhood.
She wanted to be a leading ballet dancer, but she won't to be   1   about this.
     When a ballet company came to town, she went backstage after the   2   and spoke to the ballet master,
"I want to be a great ballet dancer but I don't know if I have the   3   at all." The master said, "  4   for me."
After a minute or two, he shook his head and said, "No, no, no, you don't have what takes to be a   5   
ballerina."
     The young woman went home   6  . She threw the ballet slippers into the closet and never wore them
again.   7   she got married and had children. When the kids were   8   enough, she took a part-time job   9   
a cashier at a corner shop. 
      10  later, the same ballet company came to town. She  11  the performance and on the way out she  12  
the same old ballet master who was then in his eighties. She  13  him that they had spoken before. She  14  
him photos of her children and told him about the corner shop job that she was doing now. And then she
asked, "There is just one thing that really  15  me for many years.  16  could you tell me that I don't have what
it takes to be a great ballerina?"
     "Oh, I  17  looked at you when you danced. That's what I told all of them who  18  to me," he said. "But...
but, that's unforgivable! You have  19  my life; I could have been a great ballet dancer!" she cried. "No, no...
I don't think so. If you have what it takes, you wouldn't have paid any  20  to what I said," the old ballet master
said.
     Well, whose fault is it anyway?
( )1. A. careful    
( )2. A. performance
( )3. A. choice     
( )4. A. Work       
( )5. A. great      
( )6. A. puzzled    
( )7. A. However    
( )8. A. clever     
( )9. A. like       
( )10. A. Years     
( )11. A. played    
( )12. A. ran into  
( )13. A. promised  
( )14. A. awarded   
( )15. A. interested
( )16. A. How       
( )17. A. secretly  
( )18. A. contributed
( )19. A. ruined    
( )20. A. money     
B. sorry         
B. discussion    
B. freedom       
B. Prepare       
B. serious       
B. excited       
B. Therefore     
B. old           
B. with          
B. Months        
B. canceled      
B. quarreled with  
B. advised       
B. showed        
B. encouraged    
B. Why           
B. immediately   
B. came          
B. improved      
B. effort        
C. anxious    
C. lesson     
C. talent     
C. Wait       
C. beautiful  
C. hungry     
C. Instead    
C. lovely     
C. for        
C. Weeks      
C. hated      
C. believed in
C. reminded   
C. sold       
C. frightened 
C. When       
C. hardly     
C. replied    
C. experienced     
C. visit             
D. sure        
D. crowd       
D. chance      
D. Dance       
D. patient     
D. heartbroken 
D. Otherwise   
D. dependent   
D. as          
D. Days        
D. attended    
D. glared at   
D. cheated     
D. mailed                    
D. bothered    
D. Where       
D. proudly     
D. wrote       
D. controlled  
D. attention   
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