问题 单项选择题

双相情感障碍中躁狂的典型症状不包括()。

A.睡眠障碍

B.言语加快

C.活动增加

D.心境高涨

答案

参考答案:A

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文宇。完成小题

红豆小史

红豆入诗,始于王维《相思》,王维诗中的相思,是指爱情,还是泛指爱情及友情,或有不同理解,根据王维以前红豆树得名相思树的爱情故事已经流传于世,以及用王维诗红豆相思之典故的唐代诗词,如敦煌曲子词《竹枝子》,温庭筠《南歌子》、韩偃《玉合》等,其中相思特指爱情可知,红豆树得名相思树的爱情故事传说为王维《相思》诗所汲取,王维诗中的相思是指爱情.

红豆象征相思、爱情,这是红豆意象的本义,红豆的形象,红艳艳,亮晶晶,红豆的性格,热烈,温润,玲珑、精致,坚贞,也确实是爱情的绝妙象征,诗中“此物最相思”之句,意味着红豆象征相思、爱情。已经是盛唐人普遍的默契.

红豆的象征内涵,在王维以后的唐诗宋词中获得显著发展,如赵崇嶓《归朝欢》:“交枝红豆雨中看,为君滴尽相思血.”比较王维诗与其后的唐诗宋词,红豆意象同是象征相思,爱情,但是王维以后唐诗宋词中的红豆相思。往往写出了相思双方之间的被阻隔,这一特点,在王维诗中只是潜在地涵有,而在王维以后的唐宋诗词是,则获得显性化表现.这种红豆相思的典型品格,其实更为符合《古今诗话》所载红豆树得名相思树的爱情故事原型.

在中国文学史上,红豆的第二象征意义是故国之思,红豆意象象征意义从男女相思到故国之思的这一转变,发生于唐代安史之乱之后,发展于明末清初时期,红豆意象的第二象征意义,包含唐朝人的故国之思,明遗的故国之思。

就在王维作《相思》诗之后不久,红豆意象象征意义的发展演变,超越了红豆相思的本义,安史之乱爆发后,李龟年在潭州(今湖南长沙)唱“红豆生南国”“合座莫不望行幸而惨然”,在这个故事中,红豆象征唐朝人的故君之思、故国之思,乐工李龟年本是唐明皇的梨园弟子,王维红豆诗作于唐明皇的盛唐时期,这是李龟年唱红豆诗,歌唱者与满座听众联想起明皇与盛唐,为明皇的失位和盛唐的毁灭而惨然的原因之一.红豆热烈、坚贞的品格,红豆所象征的相思,爱情,与故国之思、爱国热情之间,具有明显的相似性,这是唱红豆诗而触发起故国之思的原因之二.明末清初遗民诗人群体,充分地开发了红豆象征爱国这一虽故犹新的资源。创作出一大批隐喻象征忠爱故国的红豆诗,宛如百花怒放,而且明末清初红豆诗,往往具有诗人亲自参与复明运动的背景和内容,故不同于一般单纯抒情的遗民诗.常借李唐时事,以暗指明代时事,并极其用心抒写己身在明末政治蜕变中所处之环境,而且有意改变古典之细节,以确指今典.

红豆相思的本义,在明末清初红豆诗中也同时获得表现.女性爱国志士参与反清复明的政治活动和文学活动,使明末清初红豆诗兼有象征男女相思和故国之思的双重意蕴,明末清初红豆诗因此而格外鲜艳夺目,在中国诗歌史上,这是红豆意象的第三层象征意义,

小题1:下列说法,符合原文意思的一项是                                (  )

A.作者认为,“红豆”意象有三种象征意义,这三种象征意义分别是“相思”、“爱情”和“故国之思”.

B.王维用红豆表达相思,意蕴单一明了,不具有以后的唐诗宋词写出相思双方之间被阻碍这一特点.

C.李龟年唱红豆诗,歌唱者与听众为明皇的失位和盛唐的毁灭而惨然的原因之一是乐工李龟年本是唐明皇的梨园弟子.

D.“交枝红豆雨中看,为君滴尽相思血”比王维《相思》更符合《古今诗话》所载红豆树得名相思树的爱情故事原型.小题2:根据原文内容,下列推断不正确的一项是                         (  )

A.在明末清初红豆诗中,红豆的象征意义从男女相思转移到了故国之思,由此可见,意象的意蕴是随朝代的更替而变化的.

B.红豆的象征意义表明,一个客观事物进入诗人的视野,进而成为诗的意象,同它自身的形象特质关系很大.

C.我国古代诗人把意象作为诗歌表情达意的载体,他们特别注重意象的象征性、隐喻性,因此,古诗大都耐读.

D.红豆意象的历史演变给我们的启示是,鉴赏诗歌,要注重意象的多重意蕴,并知人论世地品味、评价。

阅读理解

The young woman seated next to us at the sushi(寿司) bar gave off an alien air; her looks and style, we thought, made it likely that she was not American born.

But then she spoke in perfect American English, with the typical characteristic of many young Californians.

As it turns out, however, she wasn’t from these parts after all; she was born in Iran and spoke only Farsi(波斯语) until her arrival here two years ago. What classes, we wondered, had she attended to learn the language so well?

“I didn’t,” she said. “I used Rosetta Stone.”

Those yellow boxes sold at shopping-mall and airport newspaper stands may be the most recognizable example of PC-based language learning, but it certainly isn’t the only one.

With the growth of broadband connectivity and social networks, companies have introduced a wide range of Internet-based language learning products, both free and fee-based, that allow students to interact in real time with instructors in other countries, gain access to their lesson plans wherever they are in the world, and communicate with pen pals who are also trying to remember if bambino means baby.

Learning a language sometimes seems as difficult as dieting. The solution is to figure out how to stay interested after the curiosity wears off.

To fight against boredom, online language programs have introduced crossword puzzles, interactive(交互的) videos and other games to reward users for making progress.

Online courses are either fee-based, free or a combination. Starter kits(入门套件) of fee-based programs may cost just a few hundred dollars, but the cost to reach higher levels of comprehension and speaking can easily be $1,000.

While that may sound expensive, language company managers say it isn’t; college courses often cost many thousands of dollars to reach the same level.

So, cost aside, how do you choose which program to use? The answer is that one size doesn’t fit all.

55.   Which of the following is the fact about “Rosetta Stone”?

A.      Rosetta Stone is only a special stone with the name Rosetta on

B.      Rosetta Stone is a free PC-based language learning product.

C.      Rosetta Stone is a reference book for English learners to use.

D.     Rosetta Stone is a language-learning software

56.   The case of the young woman in the passage is meant to tell the reader that ______.

A.      the woman is one of many successful language learners

B.      the woman likes Rosetta Stone very much

C.      many people are benefiting from the Internet language learning products

D.     Rosetta Stone is one of the successful PC-based language instructors

57.   We can learn from the passage that ______.

A.      they offer the English learners all kinds of free courses

B.      learners can communicate with teachers at any time

C.      students can compare notes with their e-pals about language study

D.     advanced online courses usually cost more than the college ones of the same level

58.   What information will be most probably provided following the last paragraph?

A.      An introduction of different online language learning products.

B.      An introduction of different language learning methods.

C.      The strengths and weaknesses of Internet language learning products.

D.     A comparison between online and college language learning.