问题 填空题

(12分)根据如图所示装置,结合所学知识回答下列问题。

(1)图中标号仪器的名称:①                 ,②                   

(2)实验室用A装置制取氧气,写出反应的化学方程式                          ,D装置收集满氧气,接下来的操作是      ,并将集气瓶移出水面,正放在桌面上。

(3)实验室用B、E、C装置制取并收集干燥的氧气,则E中应盛放的试剂是       ,要检验收集到的气体是氧气的方法是                                     

(4)常温下NH3是一种无色、有刺激性气味的气体,密度比空气小,NH3极易溶于水。实验室常用氯化铵固体与碱石灰固体共热来制取氨气。制取并收集NH3,应该从上图中选择的发生装置是    ,用装置E收集NH3,则NH3应从   端通入(填“a”或“b”)。

答案

1)①锥形瓶 ②长颈漏斗 (2)2KMnO4K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑ 用玻璃片盖紧集气瓶(3)浓硫酸  将带火星的木条伸入集气瓶内,木条复燃,气体是氧气 (4)A     b  

题目分析:(1)①为锥形瓶,②为长颈漏。

(2)A装置是固体在加热的情况下制取气体,且试管口放有一团棉花,所以应为加热高锰酸钾制取氧气,反应的化学方程式为:2KMnO4K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑。收集满氧气后,应在水中用玻璃片盖紧集气瓶,再将集气瓶移出水面,正放在桌面上。

(3)B装置为固体和液体在常温下反应制取气体的装置。此装置制取氧气时,所得的氧气会混有一部分水蒸气。如用E干燥,则E中盛放的应为有干燥作用的液体药品,即为浓硫酸。检验氧气的方法是:将带火星的木条伸入集气瓶内,木条复燃,气体是氧气。

(4)常温下NH3是一种无色、有刺激性气味的气体,实验室常用氯化铵固体与碱石灰固体共热来制取氨气,所以装置A作制取装置。因为NH3密度比空气小、极易溶于水,所以可选向下排空气法收集气体。所以用装置E收集时,应将气体从B端能入,将空气从A端排出。

阅读理解

根据短文内容,判断正(T)误(F)。

     1970 was World Conservation (保护) Year. The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the world

is in danger. They hoped that governments (政府) would act quickly to conserve nature (保护自然). Here is

one example of the problem. At one time there were 1,300 different plants, trees and flowers in Holland but

now only 866 remain. The others have been destroyed by modern man and his technology. We are changing

the earth, the air, the water and everything that grows and lives. We can't live without these things. If things

go like this, we shall destroy ourselves.

     What will happen in the future? Perhaps it is more important to ask, "What must we do now?" The people

who will be living in the world of tomorrow are the young of today. A lot of them know conservation is

necessary. Many are helping to save our world. They plant trees, build bridges across rivers in forests, and

so on. In a small town in the United States, a large number of girls cleaned the banks of 11 kilometers of their

river. Young people may hear about conservation through a record called "No one is going to change our

world." It was made by the Beatles, Cliff Richard and other singers. The money from it will help to conserve

animals.

( )1. The United Nations wanted everybody to know that the world is in danger.

( )2. There are fewer plants, trees and flowers in Holland because many kinds of plants, trees and flowers

            can't grow there any more.

( )3. The most important thing for us to do is to clean the banks of our rivers.

(     )4. "No one is going to change our world" is a name of a song.

( )5. From this passage we know that we must conserve nature.

填空题