问题
解答题
错位相减法求和:求和:Sn=1+3x+5x2+7x3+…+(2n-1)xn-1.
答案
由题可知,{(2n-1)xn-1}的通项是等差数列{2n-1}的通项与等比数列{xn-1}的通项之积.
∵Sn=1+3x+5x2+7x3+…+(2n-1)xn-1,
∴xSn=x+3x2+…+(2n-3)xn-1+(2n-1)xn,
两式相减得(1-x)Sn=1+2x+2x2+…+2xn-1-(2n-1)xn,
①当x≠1,0时,由等比数列的求和公式得:(1-x)Sn=1+
-(2n-1)xn,2x(1-xn-1) 1-x
∴Sn=
;(2n-1)xn+1-(2n+1)xn+(1+x) (1-x)2
②当x=1时,Sn=1+3+5+…+(2n-1)=
=n2.n(1+2n-1) 2
③当x=0时,Sn=1+0=1.