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问题 多选题

如图所示是电场中某一条电场线，某一电子先后放在A、B点时，受到的电场力分别为F1、F2，具有的电势能分别为EP1、EP2，下列说法正确的是（　　）

A．电子在A、B两点受力方向相同

B．F1一定大于F2

C．EP1一定大于EP2

D．电子从A点运动到B点的过程中，电场力做负功

答案

A：A、B两点在同一条电场线上，并且是一条直线，所以A、B两点场强方向相同，故A正确．

B：因不知是正点电荷还是负点电荷产生的电场线，所以无法判断A、B两点的场强大小以及电场力大小．故B错误；

C：电子带负电荷，受力的方向与电场线的方向相反，即从A指向B，电子从A点运动到B点的过程中，电场力做正功，负电荷的电势能减小，因此电子在A点电势能大，B点的电势能小，EP1一定大于EP2，故C正确；

D：电子带负电荷，受力的方向与电场线的方向相反，即从A指向B，电子从A点运动到B点的过程中，电场力做正功，故D错误．

故选AC

填空题

Motivation is "the driving force within individuals that impels them to action." And goals are the sought-after results_____(1) motivated behavior.Motivation can be either positive or negative_____(2) direction. We may feel a driving force toward some object or condition, _____(3) a driving force away from some object or condition. For example, a person may be impelled toward a restaurant to fulfill a need, hunger, and away_____(4) an airplane to fulfill a need of safety. Some psychologists refer to positive drives_____(5) needs, wants or desires,_____(6) negative drives as fears or aversions._____ (7), though negative and positive motivational forces seem to differ dramatically_____(8) terms of physical and sometimes emotional activity, they are basically similar in_____(9) they both serve to initiate and sustain human behavior.____(10) this reason, researchers often refer _____(11) both kinds of drives or motives as needs, wants and desires.Goals, _____(12), can be either positive or negative. A positive goal is one toward_____ (13) behavior is directed and it is often referred to as an approach object. A negative goal is _____(14) from which behavior is directed away and it is sometimes referred to as an avoidance object. Since both approach and avoidance goals can be considered objectives of motivated behavior, most researchers refer to_____(15) types simply as goals. Consider this example. A middle-aged woman may wish to remain_____(16) attractive as possible. Her positive goal is to appear desirable, and_____(17) she may use a perfume advertised to make her irresistible. A negative goal may be to prevent her skin_____(18) aging, and therefore she may buy and use face creams._____(19) the former case, she uses perfume to help her achieve her positive goal — attractiveness; in the____(20) case, she uses face creams to help avoid a negative goal — wrinkled skin.
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单项选择题 B1型题

吞咽障碍间接训练方法中，"让患者口内衔以系线的大纽扣，治疗师牵拉系线，患者紧闭口唇进行对抗，尽量不使纽扣脱出"属于（）

A.冷刺激

B.口唇闭锁练习

C.声带内收训练

D.声门上吞咽训练（屏气吞咽）

E.促进吞咽反射训练
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