问题 多项选择题 案例分析题

一般资料:求助者,男性,16岁,高中一年级学生。案例介绍:求助者从小有咬指甲的习惯,多次受到父母的训斥。自己也很想改,但做了很多努力,没有明显效果。主动前来寻求帮助。下面是心理咨询师与该求助者的一段咨询对话:心理咨询师:通过前面的咨询,咱们已经明确了你的心理问题及原因所在。你有咬指甲的习惯,想改掉但没有成功,你因此而苦恼。作为咨询师我能理解你,我愿意帮助你。现在咱们先讨论咨询目标吧!求助者:咬指甲很不好,我就想让您帮助我改掉这个毛病。心理咨询师:好,我同意将改掉咬指甲的行为作为咨询目标,你现在每天咬指甲大约有多少次呢?求助者:(沉默)其实我看电影、玩游戏的时候根本不咬指甲,我妈说我只要闲下来就咬指甲。我没有数过,我想一天总有上百次吧。心理咨询师:通过咨询你想改变成什么样呢?求助者:一次都不咬。心理咨询师:根据你目前的情况看,我认为一次都不咬这个目标有些高,恐怕你难以做到吧?求助者:也许吧,但我有决心坚决改掉咬指甲的坏习惯。心理咨询师:好吧,咱们就把不咬指甲作为第一个目标,今后不再咬指甲。按照心理学的原理,改变行为有两种方法,一种是阳性强化法,一种是厌恶疗法,你准备用哪种方法?求助者:两种方法?可我不懂啊!您就根据经验替我选吧。心理咨询师:好吧,我在这方面有很多成功的案例,我有个远房侄子以前也有这个习惯,我帮助他解决了。我帮你使用厌恶疗法改变你咬指甲的行为。厌恶疗法就是我把你咬指甲的行为和厌恶刺激结合,产生生理、心理上痛苦的感觉,多次结合后使你产生条件反射,当你以后咬指甲时,就会产生恐惧,就不敢再咬指甲了,行为就改变了。具体的步骤是:第一步,明确目标行为,就是咬指甲。第二步,构建焦虑等级,看看你焦虑的程度。第三步,选择厌恶刺激。第四步,把咬指甲的行为和厌恶刺激结合起来。求助者:我似乎明白了,那您选用什么样的厌恶刺激呢?心理咨询师:主要是电刺激、药物刺激、想象的刺激等,可以单独使用,也可以联合应用。求助者:那好吧,大约需要做多少次啊?这种方法有效吗?心理咨询师:这种方法肯定有效,我有很多成功的案例。求助者:我知道了,万一没有效果,还有其他方法吗?心理咨询师:还有其他方法,如阳性强化法、认知行为疗法等。

心理咨询师在开场白中使用了()。

A.内容表达技术

B.讲了题外话

C.内容反应技术

D.开放式提问

答案

参考答案:A, C

阅读理解
阅读理解。
     One evening Mr Harris was on duty when the phone rang. He went to answer it. It was Mrs Green.
     "Please, sir, come to my house. I had 5,000 dollars stolen."
      Mr Harris hurried to her house.He asked Mrs Green, "When did you find the money missing?"
      "At seven, I put my money on the table in the living-room.Then I went to wash my hair. I came back
at seven thirty and the money was gone."
      "I see," Mr Harris said."Were you alone in the house?"
       "No. My sister's daughter, Nancy, was here, too."
       "Let's talk to Nancy," said Mr Harris. They went to Nancy's room.
        Mr Harris sat on the only chair in the room. The chair was cold. Mrs Green and Nancy sat on the
bed. Mr Harris saw some books on the floor near the chair.
       "What have you been doing this evening?"
       "I've been studying because I shall have a test tomorrow. I've been sitting on that chair reading all
the time. I never got up and never left my room.But at about seven fifty I heard a sound,like someone
closing the door. I didn't go out to have a look, for I was too busy. Maybe someone came into the house
and took my aunt's money."  
       After hearing that, Mr Harris was quite clear. He said to Mrs Green,"Well, you won't have to be
worried, and you'll find the 5,000 dollars just in this room."
1. In which order did the following happen?
    a. Nancy went back into her room.
    b. The money was stolen.
    c. Mrs Green washed her hair.
    d. Mrs Green put the money on the table.
    e. Mrs Green gave Mr Harris a phone call.
    f. Mrs Green returned to the living-room.
[ ]
A. e, d, c, b, a, f.
B. d, b, c, a, f, e
C. d, c, b, a, f, e.
D. a, b, c, d, f, e.
2. The chair was cold. This suggested (暗示) that ______.
[ ]
A. there was another chair in Nancy's room
B. Nancy did not tell the true facts
C. Nancy forgot to close the windows in her room
D. it was cold that evening
3. Mr Harris paid attention to all the facts except the fact that ______.
[ ]
A. Nancy and her aunt sat on the bed
B. some books were on the floor
C. there was only one chair in the room
D. the chair was cold
4. Which of the following is the most probably true?
[ ]
A. Mr Harris was a policeman.
B. Mrs Green found Nancy stole the money between 7 and 7:30.
C. The money was hidden in Nancy's bed.
D. What Nancy said sounded reasonable.
5. Which of the following do you believe?
[ ]
A. The thief broke into the house,stole the money and left the house with the money.
B. Nancy was preparing for the test.
C. Someone closed the door at 7:50.
D. Nancy stole the money.
单项选择题