问题 问答题 简答题

请从以下三个时段分析历代重视《论语》的原因。(1)两汉至南宋(2)元代科举考试至清代废除科举考试(3)废除科举至今

答案

参考答案:

(1)孔子对于中国文化有很大贡献,人们推崇他,因此记载他言行的《论语》也受到了人们的重视。两汉时,儿童最初念书,先读识字课本,识字完毕,便读《论语》。因此《论语》成了读书人的必读之书,不象五经,可以只通一经,也可以不读,但无人不读《论语》。到了南宋,朱熹把《论语》列为四书之一,包括《论语》在内的这四种书更成为人们学习入门的必读书籍了。

(2)元代举行科举,考试题目必须在《四书》之内,一直到明朝,延续到清代光绪二十七年,才完全废除了以《四书》命题的八股文考试办法。读书人要做官,就要通过考试,四书,尤其是《论语》,便成为读书做官的敲门砖。

(3)纵使科举废了,《论语》还是读书人经常诵读的书。一则是二千多年来的旧习惯势力难以肃清。二则《论语》本身也有广泛的用途和价值,它是研究中国思想史、文化史、教育史的必读书,重要古籍。三则古人喜欢引用《论语》,熟读《论语》,阅读理解古书自然很有好处。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Lobbying groups often try to disguise a financial self-interest by clumsily dressing up their arguments in the guise of concern for the public. You see this tendency in the pharmaceutical industry (21) in energy and lumber companies who like to tout their (22) of the environment. But (23) , two new books argue, are these tactics more (24) a cause for concern than in agribusiness.
Marion Nestle’s "Food Safety: Bacteria, Biotechnology, and Bio-terrorism’ looks at the way the American meat and biotechnology industries have (25) successfully on Capitol Hill (26) stricter federal regulation, which the author argues has undermined the safety of the food supply.
(27) , Maxime Schwartz’s "How the Cows Turned Mad" (28) the origins of mad-cow disease over more than two centuries, and reveals the fallout from the British government’s blind (29) that the disease could not be (30) to humans.
In 1999, Ms Nestle writes in her earlier book, Rosemary Mueklow, the executive director of the National Meat Association, lobbied against President Clinton’s (31) to establish a more thorough testing regime for E. coli 0157: H7, a potentially (32) pathogen.
Ms Muck low’s organization—which represents meatpackers and processors who (33) to discard or reprocess meat found to be infected under the new testing regime—argued on Capitol Hill that (34) microbial testing in meat could actually lead to a greater public health risk (35) confident consumers might relax their own safe-handling procedures at home.

A. finds B. explores C. traces D. goes