问题 问答题 简答题

传动的主要失效形式。

答案

参考答案:

链传动的失效主要表现为链条的失效。链条的失效形式主要有:

1、链条疲劳破坏:

链传动时,由于链条在松边和紧边所受的拉力不同,故链条工作在交变拉应力状态。经过一定的应力循环次数后,链条元件由于疲劳强度不足而破坏,链板将发生疲劳断裂,或套筒、滚子表面出现疲劳点蚀。在润滑良好的链传动时,疲劳强度决定链传动能力的主要因素。

2、链条冲击破断:

对于因张紧不好而有较大松边垂度的链传动,在反复起动、制动或反转时所产生的巨大冲击,将会使销轴、套筒、滚子等元件不到疲劳时就产生冲击破断。

3、链条铰链的魔损:

链传动时,销轴与套筒的压力较大,彼此又产生相对转动,因而导致铰链摩损,使链的实际节距变长。铰链磨损后,增加了各链节的实际节距的不均匀性,使传动不平稳。链的实际节距因磨损而伸长到一定程序时,链条与轮齿的啮合情况变坏,从而发生爬高和跳齿现象,磨损是润滑不良的开式链传动的主要失效形式。造成链传动寿命大大降低。

4、链条铰链的胶合:

在高速重载时,销轴与套筒接触表面间难以形成润滑油膜,金属直接接触导致胶合。胶合限制了链传动的极限转速。

5、链条的过载拉断:

低速重载的链传动在过载时,因静强度不足而被拉断。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Jamie stood looking at the map. He turned it around. He looked up from the map. He looked back at

the map.He took a few steps back along the path. He put his finger on the map,and looked up again. "It's no

use!", he shouted. He threw the map away,and sat down on the ground.

     I asked him what the matter was.

     Jamie said. "We're lost. We must have taken a wrong turning."

     He didn't know where we were."I'm sorry,I'm sorry."he said again and again.

     I told him not to worry. "We'll follow the fiver." I said. "The fiver flows into the sea, so it will take us

back to the coast." This seemed like a good plan. We set off down the hill. The river was a long way below

us. It was getting dark, and it was starting to rain. Jamie started to run."Come on!" he called."In an hour, it

will be dark and we won't be able to see where we're going" "Stop!" I shouted, because I saw there was a

fallen tree on the path."Don't run. It's dangerous!"

     As soon as I saw him fall, I knew he was badly hurt. When I reached him, he said that his leg hurt. He

wasn't able to stand up. Now, We were lost, we had a long way from home,and Jamie couldn't walk.

1. Why did Jamie say "It's no use!"?

A. He could find the fight way without the map.

B. The path was wrongly marked on the map.

C. The map was not big enough to see clearly.

D. He didn't think the map helpful to them.

2. The writer and Jamie were lost because _______.

A. they took a wrong turning

B. they threw their map away

C. it was too dark to see the way

D. it was a long way from home

3. In order to return to the coast. they decided to ________.

A. follow the path

B. swim across the river

C. walk along the river

D. climb the hill

4. What happened to Jamie?

A. He couldn't see anything.

B. He fell and hurt his leg.

C. He fell into the river.

D. He was hit by a stone.

5. This passage mainly tells us ________.

A. the writer and Jamie lost their way

B. the writer and Jamie climbed the hill

C. how to read a travel map

D. how to make a travel plan

解答题