问题 问答题 论述题

“五常”被儒家认为是个体修养、改良社会的重要因素,而庄子则说这些道德条目是为大盗服务的。你听:“妄意室中之藏,圣也;入先,勇也;出后,义也;知可否,智也;分均,仁也。五者不备而能成大盗者,天下未之有也。”联系我们学过的内容,请对这两种观点进行评论,并就“五常”在现代社会中有无作用进行分析。

答案

参考答案:

1、儒家的无常是仁义礼智信,它既具有暂时性,也具有永恒性。在不同时代有不同含义所起的作用也不相同。但不容否认,她也有着超越时空的普世性。

2、庄子所揭示的是一种道德的暂时性现象。也就是说道德条目在不同的情境下含义与作用是不同的。而且

庄子做举的例子从方向上就是不符合道德的,在此前提之下,一些道德条目所起的作用也是消极的。

3、五常在等级社会下起到维护等级制的作用,是平等的敌人。但是在民主平等的社会条件下,也能够起到维护社会秩序的作用,有着不容抹杀的当代意义。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。

     When children celebrate a wedding anniversary for the parents, it's not just a celebration for the

parents but for the whole family. There are many types of wedding anniversary gifts.      1    Choosing a

gift for parents that involves the whole family makes the event more special for them.

Budget(预算)

     Children shouldn't spend too much money on the gift. Parents usually know the financial conditions of

their children.     2       

     Considerations

     An anniversary gift for parents should have two characteristics: customized (订制的), and something

they can use together. It is not a good idea to choose a gift that only looks good. The gift is celebrating

their time spent together, so it has to be something they both will enjoy.

     Family celebration

     One of the biggest achievements of parents is raising children. So some children decide to buy an

anniversary gift that involves the entire family such as a special family vacation.      3     

     A party as a gift

         4      If it is a milestone anniversary such as a 25th or 50th wedding anniversary, some children

choose to hold a party. The guest list includes all family members who have been close to them over the

years.

     Family-themed gifts

     One choice is a family photo taken by a professional or even a painting created by a professional

artist using a family photo as the image to be painted.      5   If the parents don't have a DVD player,

the player can be included as part of the gift.

A. Sometimes gifts don't have to be objects bought with money.

B. Brothers and sisters can share the cost of the party.

C. And these gifts reflect a lot of thought and effort.

D. So the gift should be one selected specially for parents.

E. Overspending can make parents uncomfortable and worried.

F. This way, the family can be together to celebrate the anniversary.

G. Another nice gift is making a DVD with old videotapes of family events.

多项选择题