问题 问答题 案例分析题

渤海机电安装公司承包了30000m室外压力管道的安装工程,安装施工前履行了告之手续,书面告知提交了相关材料。

该工程工期很紧,施工期间阴雨天较多。项目部为了保证工程质量,把室外压力管道安装分为原材料检验、管架制作安装、管道预制、管道安装、管道焊接、管道试验、管道保温、管道吹扫等工序,按照对整体质量影响的重要程度进行预控和检查。在施工过程中,实行了“三检制”,同时加强了专职检查,并利用排列图法对出现的焊接气孔问题进行了分析,及时采取了改进措施,顺利地完成了任务。

专职检查员在第一阶段检查焊口质量时,一共检查出40处气孔超标,分析了原因,列表如下:

在压力管道安装工程中,哪些工序为关键工序?

答案

参考答案:

在压力管道安装工程中,材料检验、管道焊接和管道试验为关键工序。

压力管道安装工程为主要工程,而材料检验、管道焊接和管道试验是主控项目。

主控项目是指对安全、卫生、环境保护和公众利益,以及对工程质量起决定性作用的检验项目。对于主控项目是要求必须达到的。如果达不到主控项目规定的质量指标或降低要求,就相当于降低该工程项目的性能指标,导致严重影响工程的安全性能。

主控项目包括的检验内容主要有:重要材料、构件及配件、成品及半成品、设备性能及附件的材质、技术性能等;结构的强度、刚度和稳定性等检验数据、工程性能检测。如管道的焊接、材质、压力试验等。

完形填空

根据短文内容,从下面A~G选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有二项为多余项。

Culture Shock

Culture shock refers to the anxiety and feelings (of surprise, uncertainty, confusion, etc.) felt when people have to operate within a different and unknown cultural or social environment, such as a foreign country.

Generally speaking, we could say that there are four stages of culture shock. The first stage is called “the honeymoon”.In this stage, you are excited about living in a different place.  小题1: 

The next stage is “the hostility(敌意)stage”. In this stage, you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was.   小题2:  Moreover, people don’t treat you like a guest anymore.

Then you come to the third stage called “recovery”. In this stage, you start to feel more positive.   小题3:  The whole situation starts to become more favorable and you begin to learn to adapt yourself to it.

The last stage of culture shock is called “adjustment”. In this stage, you have reached a point where you actually feel good.  小题4:  The things that originally made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you have adjusted to the new culture and you feel comfortable.

Not all individuals visiting another country will experience all these four stages.   小题5:  It also occurs within cultures as individuals move from place to place or from one setting to another (e.g., from high school to college).

A.You feel that friends should help each other to deal with culture shock.

B.And you try to develop comprehension of everything you don’t understand.

C.In addition, culture shock is not limited to the overseas visitor.

D.You become tired of many things about the new culture.E. You have learned enough to understand the new culture.

F. You begin to understand you need to travel a lot.

G. And everything seems to be marvelous and everybody seems to be so nice to you.

阅读理解

阅读理解。

                                 Saving the Planet with Earth-Friendly Bamboo Products

     Jackie Heinricher's love affair with bamboo started in her backyard. "As a child, I remember playing

among the golden bamboo my dad had planted, and when there was a slight wind, the bamboos sounded

really musical."

     A fisheries biologist, Heinricher, 47, planned to work in the salmon industry in Seattle, where she lived

with her husband, Guy Thornburgh, but she found it too competitive. Then her garden gave her the idea

for a business:She'd planted 20 bamboo forests on their seven-acre farm.

     Heinricher started Boo-Shoot Gardens in 1998. She realized early on what is just now beginning to be

known to the rest of the world. It can be used to make fishing poles, skateboards, buildings, fumiture,

floors, and even clothing. An added bonus: Bamboo absorbs four times as much carbon dioxide as a group

of hardwood trees and releases 35 percent more oxygen.

     First she had to find a way to mass-produce the plants-a tough task, since bamboo nowers create seed

only once every 50 to 100 years. And dividing a bamboo plant frequently kills it. 

     Heinricher appealed to Randy Burr, a tissue culture expert, to help her. "People kept telling us we'd never

figure it out," says Heinricher. "Others had worked on it for 27 years! I believed in what we were doing,

though, so I just kept going."

     She was right to feel a sense of urgency. Bamboo forests are being rapidly used up, and a United Nations

report showed that even though bamboo is highly renewable, as rnany as half of the world's species are

threatened with dying out. Heinricher knew that bamboo could make a significant impact on carbon emissions

(排放) and world economies, but only if huge numbers could be pmduced. And that's just what she and Burr

figured out after nine years of experiments-a way to grow millions of plants. By placing cuttings in test tubes

with salts, vitamins,plant hormones, and seaweed gel, they got the plants to grow and then raised them in soil

in greenhouses.

     Not long after it, Burr's lab hit financial difftculties. Heinricher had rlo experience running a tissue culture

operation, but she wasn't prepared to quit. So she bought the lab.

     Today Heinricher heads up a profitable multimillion-dollar company, working on species from all over the

world and selling them to wholesalers. "If you want to farm bamboo, it's hard to do without the young plants,

and that's what we have," she says proudly.

1. What was the main problem with planting bamboo widely? [ ]

A. They didn't have enough young bamboo.

B. They were short of money and experience.

C. They didn't have a big enough farm to do it.

D. They were not understood by other people.

2. What does Heinricher think of bamboo?[ ]

A. Fragile and affordable

B. Productive and flexible

C. Useful and earth-friendly

D. Strong and profitable

3. The underlined word "renewable" in Paragraph 6 probably means "_____".[ ]

A. able to be replaced naturally

B. able to be raised difficultly

C. able to be shaped easily

D. able to be recycled conveniently

4. What do you learn farm the passage? [ ]

A. Heinricher's love for bamboo led to her experlments in the lab.

B. Heinricher's detennimtion helped her to succeed in her work.

C. Heinricher struggled to prevent bamboo from disappearing.

D. Heinricher finally succeeded in realizing her childhood dream.