问题 材料题

阅读下列材料:

材料一 孔子聚徒讲学,弟子三千。其中不少学子“贫且贱”,没有社会地位。

材料二 苏格拉底的弟子柏拉图出身贵族,他和他的朋友们引雅典为自豪,可对雅典人民并不信任。  当雅典民主政体判处苏格拉底死刑时,这种不信任加深而为仇恨。  因此,柏拉图的目标是要实现一个既能维持贵族特权、又可为贫苦阶级接受的社会。……柏拉图曾希望叙拉古的统治者能接受他的学说,付诸实践,以实现他的政治理想,但未能如愿,他只好回到雅典,给一批批弟子讲学,达40年之久。他教导弟子们说,世界上存在的每一样事物都是相应的理念的不完善的摹本,所以,整个现实世界是完善的理念世界的不完善的摹本。柏拉图认为,善不是变动不尽的现实世界的知识,而是真实的理念世界的知识。 ——摘自斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》

材料三 这一历史时期的另一位伟大的思想家是亚里士多德(公元前384—322年)。他开始时是柏拉图的弟子,但是,老师去世后,他创办了莱森学院。……他的卓越贡献主要在逻辑学、物理学、生物学和人文学科诸领域,他实际上是这些学科的创始人。……他说:有些人生来就注定应该服从,另有些人生来就注定应该统治;……战争的艺术是一门关于获取的自然艺术,因为它包括狩猎;是一门用来对付野兽和那些生来应该受统治、却不愿服从的人的艺术。这种战争当然是正义的。 ——摘自斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》

请回答:

(1)根据上述材料,归纳概括孔子、柏拉图、亚里士多德的共同点。

________________________________________________________________________________

(2)结合所学知识,指出材料二中柏拉图的理想国家具有哪些基本特征?

________________________________________________________________________________

(3)你对材料三中亚里士多德的观点有何看法?

________________________________________________________________________________

答案

(1)授徒讲学,促进文化教育进步。

(2)基本特征:由护国者、卫国者、生产者构成,三个阶级各具其德,各守其位;统治者应由哲学王来担任。(哲学思想:理念论。)

(3)看法:亚里士多德认为奴隶占有制是天然合理的,说明他是奴隶主阶级思想家。

选择题
完形填空
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Ban the Band(乐队)?
Every year,our school has a dance for all the students.It’s a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colorful    36  ,instead of the usual school uniform.
Most of us think the dance is great   37 —even the teachers enjoy being there. 38 ,two weeks ago someone said that there would be no    39   band this year—only CDs.
“I don’t    40   it!”Amy cried out during the lunch break.
“Someone said the school couldn’t    41   a band,and they think it’s too noisy anyway,”added Daniel.
“Well,I don’t think it’s    42   enough without a band!”declared Angela,“and I’m going to see what can be done.”
Angela was as good as her    43  .In the afternoon she went to see the school headmaster who agreed to give the   44  some more thought.And he suggested that one   45  for having a band was to increase the price of each ticket from $5 to $10.Angela had to   46   out whether the students would like to do that.
“I need all of you to help me,”she  47  to our group before school the next day.“Mr.Berry gave me a list of all the names,and suggested we ask each one their   48   about the band and the extra cost.”
   49   the day we asked around as Angela suggested,and wrote down people’s feelings about the band and the cost.We were amazed how much    50   there was for the band and everyone agreed to pay the extra $5.
“I’m surprised,”smiled Mr. Berry,when we gave him the    51  .“I really thought that only a few people     52   their band and that the cost would be too high.OK,Angela,your next    53   is to find a good band and line them up for the dance.”
Angela was all smiles and    54   the news to Amy and Daniel.“You’re    55  ,”smiled Daniel to Angela as he thought how close they came to having a less than perfect dance.
小题1:
A.shapesB.dressesC.flowersD.pictures
小题2:
A.funB.workC.effortD.progress
小题3:
A.BesidesB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Therefore
小题4:
A.newB.liveC.foreignD.marching
小题5:
A.meanB.needC.acceptD.believe
小题6:
A.leadB.serveC.affordD.form
小题7:
A.goodB.clearC.usefulD.easy
小题8:
A.lookB.behaviorC.mindD.word
小题9:
A.scheduleB.situationC.viewD.action
小题10:
A.possibilityB.concernC.decisionD.chance
小题11:
A.callB.findC.carryD.point
小题12:
A.admittedB.repliedC.apologizedD.announced
小题13:
A.knowledgeB.instructionC.opinionD.information
小题14:
A.OnB.ForC.ByD.During
小题15:
A.trustB.moneyC.supportD.care
小题16:
A.resultsB.noticesC.questionsD.examples
小题17:
A.welcomedB.wantedC.defendedD.invited
小题18:
A.taskB.businessC.exerciseD.duty
小题19:
A.showedB.wroteC.brokeD.read
小题20:
A.amusingB.interestingC.excitingD.amazing