问题 单项选择题 A1型题

下列有关肝性脑病昏迷期患者饮食要点不正确的是()

A.一、二期病人开始数天应限制蛋白质在每天20g以内

B.提供足够的热量,以减少组织蛋白分解产氨

C.尽量少食用含脂肪高的食物

D.清醒后可逐步增加蛋白质饮食,应以植物蛋白为宜

E.食物配制应注意含丰富维生素、尤其富含维生素C、B、K、E、B6

答案

参考答案:E

解析:蛋白质的供给:一、二期病人开始数天应限制蛋白质在每天20g以内,三、四期病人应禁止从胃肠道补充蛋白质,可鼻饲或静脉注射25%的葡萄糖溶液。病人神志清楚后,可逐渐增加蛋白质摄入,每天20g,以后每3~5天增加10g,但短期内不能超过每天40~50g,病人完全恢复后可增加到0.8~1.0g/(kg·d)蛋白质,以维持基本的氮平衡。蛋白质应首选植物蛋白,由于植物蛋白富含支链氨基酸和非吸收纤维,后者可促进肠蠕动,被细菌分解后能降低结肠pH,加速毒物排出和减少氨的吸收。食物配制应注意含丰富维生素、尤其富含维生素C、B、K、E等,不宜用维生素B,因其可使多巴在周围神经处转为多巴胺,影响多巴进入脑组织,减少中枢神经的正常传导递质。【该题针对“专业实践能力-肝性脑病护理措施”知识点进行考核】

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Once there was an old farmer. He had a horse and the horse was almost as old as himself. One

 morning he set out with his young son to sell the horse before it died. The father and the son walked

 because the farmer did not want the horse to be too tired.

     They met two men on the road. They said, "Why are you walking, farmer? You have a horse. It's a

 long way to get to the market." The farmer knew that this was true, so he rode on the horse while his son 

 walked.

     Then they met two old ladies. "What are you doing up there, farmer? Can't you see how tired your son

  is? "So the farmer got down, and let his son ride on it.

     Twenty minutes later, three old men stopped them. One said, "Why are you walking, farmer? Get up.

 It's too hot for an old man like you to walk today." So the farmer got up behind his son and they went on

  riding.

     Some time later, a young woman passed them. "Why aren't you walking? " she asked, "It isn't far to the

  market. Give your poor old horse a rest. "So the farmer and his son got down once again. It is a fact that

  you cannot please all the people all the time.

1. The farmer was _____.

    A. nearly the same age as his horse  

    B. almost always older than his horse 

    C. not quite as old as his horse 

    D. a little older than his horse

2. The two men on the road _____.

    A. asked how far it was to the market  

    B. said they thought the horse looked very tired 

    C. asked why the farmer was not riding on his horse 

    D. told the farmer's son to get off the horse and walk

3. The two old ladies said it was wrong for _____ . 

    A. the farmer to ride such a tired horse  

    B. the farmer to ride while his young son walked 

    C. the boy to ride instead of his father  

    D. only one person to ride such a long way 

4 The farmer got up behind his son because _____. 

    A. the old man said it was too hot for him to walk 

    B. the three old men stopped them on the road 

    C. he did hot know why he was walking  

    D. his son could not ride the horse by himself

5. What did the writer really want to tell us? 

   A. The old man was a fool.

   B. The horse was old and was going to die.

   C. It is not right to listen to others. 

   D. It is impossible for a man to make everyone satisfied (满意) all the time.

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