问题 问答题 案例分析题

某公司中标一座地铁车站工程,车站基础全长约212m,宽度21m,开挖深度为16m,采用明挖法施工。围护结构为地下连续墙,采用锁口管接头;设三道φ609钢管支撑。场地土层自上而下分别为填土、黏土和粉土地层。地下水位于地表下Im左右。基坑北侧有三条需要重点保护的地下管线,其中一条横穿基坑;东侧基坑一倍开挖深度范围内邻近一座条形基础的老旧房屋,开挖时如果变形过大对其结构安全的影响很严重;基坑南侧邻近一条市政道路。

项目部编制了施工组织设计,拟在基坑内侧采用管井降水,降水井按每250m2一口管井布置。方案中的地下连续墙施工工序为:开挖沟槽→修筑导沟→开挖沟槽(注入泥浆)→清除槽底淤泥和残渣→吊放接头管。项目部编制了基坑监测方案,并且决定自行监测,监测方案由上一级主管部门签字认可后实施。

基坑开挖至粉土时,由于地下连续墙接头夹泥而发生渗漏,项目采取导管引流并且用聚氨酯封堵后没有效果;渗漏渐渐导致水土流失,基坑后土体出现明显沉陷。如果继续发展可能会导致基坑坍塌。

项目部监测方案编制及审批过程存在哪些不妥之处?

答案

参考答案:

基坑监测方案应由建设方委托具备相应资质的第三方对基坑工程实施现场监测。

应由监测单位编制监测方案,监测方案需经建设方、设计方、监理方等认可,必要时还需与基坑周边环境涉及的有关单位协商一致后方可实施。

阅读理解

Dear Editor,

Brockingham is run by people who are more interested in tourists than its residents. The problem is that the people running the government refuse to accept new ideas. By banning(禁止) all fast-food restaurants and discount stores, they take away all the places kids can afford to shop.

These people forget that when they were young, they could go to the South Street Soda Fountain and get an ice-cream soda for 25 cents. Today you can’t find an ice-cream soda anywhere in Brockingham for less than $2! Where can kids go for a snack?

There is not a single restaurant in Brockingham where a family of four can eat dinner for less than $100. Add a 15% tip and sales tax and you have spent nearly $125 to eat a meal you could prepare at home for about $12. Have you noticed that Brockingham families never dine in Brockingham?

Fast-food restaurants are also a good place for school kids to get an after-school job. Fast-food restaurants are busiest during the early supper hours when students are able to work, whereas the fancy food restaurants cater to late-night diners. Working in one of these establishments requires working shifts that are too late for most students.

The City Council claims that local merchants, rather than national chains, should benefit from the tourist business. I agree that it is important to support local businesses, but I think the fast-food restaurants would encourage more people to shop in Brockingham.

Another thing that disturbs me is that we must travel 25 miles to the nearest discount store. If I need a tire for my bike, I have a choice of buying one at Surf and Peddle Sport Shop for $15 or driving to Parkersburg Discount Center where I can buy the same kind of tire for $9. Again, I think the ban on all food chains and discount houses is counterproductive for our city.

Wes Woodrow

9th-Grade Student at Brockingham High School

小题1:Why does Wes Woodrow write this letter to the editor?

Because the government bans all fast-food restaurants and discount stores in Brockingham.

Because the writer can’t find an ice-cream soda anywhere in Brockingham for less than $2.

Because a family of four can’t find a restaurant in Brockingham to eat dinner for less than $100.

Because the writer has to travel 25 miles to the nearest discount store.

小题2:     From the letter we can infer that _____.

the writer used to buy a lot of ice-cream soda

the students refuse to work in fancy food restaurants

the government’s ban benefits local merchants much

discount stores usually offer a discount of 40%

小题3:     The underlined word “counterproductive” in paragraph 6 of the letter probably means _____.

A.cheap, not expensive

B.surprising, not expected

C.harmful, not helpful

D.doubtful, not sure小题4:     One way the writer of this letter tries to convince the reader is by _____.

complaining that someone has to drive him to Parkersburg

getting an after-school job in fast-food restaurant himself

suggesting that many businessmen have the same opinion

giving specific examples of the high costs in Brockingham

判断题