问题
解答题
求和:1+2x+3x2+…+nxn-1,x∈R.
答案
解,根据题意,分3种情况讨论:
(1)x=1时,由等差数列前n项和公式可得Sn=1+2+3+…+n=
,n(n+1) 2
(2)当x≠1时,
设Sn=1+2x+3x2+…+nxn-1,①
则xSn=x+2x2+3x3+…+nxn,②
①-②可得:(1-x)Sn=1+x+x2+…+xn-1-nxn=1-nxn+x(1-xn-1) 1-x
则Sn=
.1-(n+1)xn+nxn+1 (1-x)2
故当x=0时,Sn=1;
当x=1时,Sn=
,n(n+1) 2
当x≠0且x≠1时,Sn=
.1-(n+1)xn+nxn+1 (1-x)2