问题 问答题 简答题

简述《诗经》对后代文学的影响

答案

参考答案:

《诗经》对后代文学的影响非常深远,主要表现在以下三方面:首先是它开创了我国诗歌的现实主义优良传统。其“饥者歌其食,劳者歌其事”的创作精神,启发和推动了后世作家密切关注现实、国家命运和民生疾苦,如汉乐府民歌作家、建安诗人、陈子昂、杜甫、新乐府运动诸诗人等的乐府作品,都是对这种创作精神的直接继承。

其次,它赋、比、兴的艺术手法为后世文学的创作提供了成功的艺术借鉴。其后屈原以香草美人寄情言志、表达爱憎的手法,汉乐府民歌中的寓言拟物诗,阮籍的《咏怀》,郭璞的《游仙》,李白的《古风》,李商隐的《锦瑟》,陆游的《卜算子·泳梅》以及元曲清戏中的美刺讽喻作品,无不是对《诗经》比兴手法的继承发展,以至形成了我国文学韵味悠长、含蓄蕴藉的民族特色。至于其赋的手法,对后世文学也有颇深远的影响。赋体文学是由它直接发展而来的。此外,诗歌、词、戏曲、小说中亦有很多作品糅进了赋的手法。

再次,它确立了民间文学在文学史上的地位。《诗经》中的诗歌绝大部分是民歌,朴素清新,生动活泼,和谐自然,给后世文人学习民间文学开辟了广阔的道路。从文学史发展看,一种新的文学样式,常常是先从民间孕育,然后由文人予以加工发展。历代一些有成就的作家,也多是通过向民间文学学习,丰富自己的创作。向民间文学学习,这是我国文学发展历史的优良传统。

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Part 4


Questions 26-45


·Read the following passage and choose the best word for each space.
·For questions 26-45, mark one letter A, B, C or D on the Answer Sheet.
Do you want to send an e-mail message to the White House
Good luck.
In the past, (26) President Bush — or at least those assigned to read his mail — what was (27) your mind it was necessary only to sit down at a personal computer connected to the lnternet and (28) a note to president@ whitehouse.gov.
But this week, Tom Matzzie, an online organizer with the A.F.L.-C.I.O., discovered that (29) with the White House had become a bit more (30) . When Mr. Matzzie sent an e-mail protesting (31) a Bush administration policy, the message was bounced back With an automated reply, saying he had to send it again in a new way.
Under a system (32) on the White House Website (33) the first time last week, those who want to send a message to President Bush must now (34) as many as nine Web pages and (35) a detailed form that starts by asking whether the message sender supports White House policy (36) differs with it.
The white House says the new e-mail system is an effort to be more responsive (37) the public and offer the administration "real time" access (38) citizen comments.
Completing a message to the president also requires (39) a subject from the provided list, then entering a full name, organization, address and e-mail address. (40) the message is sent, the writer must wait for an automated response (41) his message, (42) whether the addressee intended to send the message. The message is delivered to the White House only after the person using that e-mail address (43) it.
"Over (44) , it’s a very cumbersome process," said Jakob Nielsen, an authority on Web design. "It’s probably designed deliberately to (45) on their e-mail.\

A.is deployed

B.deplored

C.deployed

D.employed