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问题 单项选择题

元代案牍吏员中，重要的名目有令吏、司吏、书吏和（）

A.必阇赤

B.典吏

C.奏差

D.译史

答案

参考答案：A

解析：

案牍吏员，令吏（二品以上官衙中的案牍吏员的统称），司吏（设置于路总官府，府，州，县和录事司等地方官衙中），书吏，必阇赤（书写人或笔者）还有照略案牍-中央及地方各级衙门中管理案牍等事务的首领官；提控案牍-职掌同于照略案牍，设在府及上，中州等官衙中者为专职，设于路总管府和肃政廉访司者为兼职，多由书吏和都目升任。典薄-监，司等官署中管理文牍薄等事务的首领官。主案-地方官衙中起草案牍的人员，是吏员的助手，也是吏员的来源。写发-官府中抄写文书的见习吏员。

单项选择题

若使打开的数据库文件不能为网上其他用户共享，且只能浏览数据，要选择打开数据库文件的方式为（）。

A、以只读方式打开

B、打开

C、以独占只读方式打开

D、以独占方式打开
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问答题

The produce departments of the future may look like nothing on earth, and with good reason. Chinese scientists have been growing tomatoes the size of softballs, cucumbers as long as baseball bats and other outsize fruits and vegetables, using seeds that have been shot into space. The seeds are then exposed to seven types of extraterrestrial conditions, from zero gravity and cosmic radiation to subatomic particles. (46) As these space veggies grow back on earth, they are selected for desirable traits--bulk, appearance or certain nutrients--then bred through successive generations to ensure that the mutations are consistent.
Chinese scientists don’t understand exactly how a trip into space alters the seeds’ DNA and yields such effects, but it’s not just size that changes. (47) Tong Yichao, whose firm, the Beijing Flying Eagle Green Foods Group, has been sending seeds and seedlings aboard Chinese spacecraft since 1999, says it has grown space tomatoes with 27 percent more of the antioxidant beta carotene than ordinary ones, and six-foot-tall cotton plants that produce longer, more flexible threads. Using conventional methods, "a scientist might create just three new plants in his lifetime," says Tong. "We’ve developed more than 50 since 1999."
(48) A dozen or so Chinese firms are paying up to $ 45 000 a gram to place various flora aboard satellites and manned spacecraft. The long-term goal: to feed more people and help endangered species escape extinction. To date, nearly 3 000 botanical species-including garden vegetables, medicinal herbs and flowers--have been sent into orbit and brought back to earth.
(49) The commercial promise of China’s space veggies has yet to, er, bear fruit. It’ s legal to sell the cosmic produce, and commercial farms have purchased some space plants. But most are being developed in labs or experimental greenhouses because no one wants to go to market before the safety and quality of the produce have been established. Even so, the idea of space flora is proving irresistible to a novelty-loving Chinese public. (50) When Tong displayed a handful of monster space eggplants--the largest of which weighed more than four pounds--at an expo, one disappeared before the show opened. Hot stuff, for sure.
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