问题 问答题 简答题

简述我国出版运行机制市场化的主要表现。

答案

参考答案:

我国出版运行机制市场化的主要表现在以下三个方面:

(1)宏观调控向间接化、法制化方向发展,出版机构由事业单位向企业转变,出版行政管理将由直接管理向间接管理转变,管理方式将由依靠行 * * 威管理向法制化管理转变,各种维持出版业良好运行秩序的法律法规会成龙配套,执法力度将会不断加大,守法经营、依法办事,将成为出版界的基本信条。

(2)购销机制向灵活性、多样化方向发展。主要表现为以代理制的发展为标志的经营体制多样化、以寄销制的推行为标志的购销形式的多样化、以市场现货批发的发展为标志的交易方式的多样化。

(3)市场运行向完整化、体系化方向发展。这一趋势的明朗化,将主要通过三个方面表现出来:各种出版要素都将逐步进入市场,出版业市场将会逐步形成完整的体系;出版物产品批发市场的建设将加快步伐,各级各类出版物批发市场将会配套成龙,形成体系;各类出版业市场运行规则将逐步完善,市场运作将有章可循。

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When European Union (EU) leaders took delivery of Europe’s first draft of a constitution at a summit in Greece last June, it was with almost universal praise.

There was wide agreement that the text could save the EU from paralysis once it expands from 15 to 25 members next year. It would give Europe a more stable leadership and greater clout on the world stage, said the chairman of the Convention which drafted the agreement, former French President Valery Giscard d’Estaing.

Such praise was too good to last. As the product of a unique 16-month public debate, the draft has become a battleground. Less than four months after it was delivered, the same leaders who accepted it opened the second round of talks on its content this week by trading veiled threats to block agreement or cut off funds if they don’t get their way.

The tone was polite, but unyielding. In a bland joint statement issued when the talks opened on October 4, the leaders stressed the constitution, "represents a vital step in the process aimed at making Europe more cohesive, more democratic and closer to its citizens. "Sharp differences remain, though, between member countries of the EU over voting rights, the size and composition of the executive European Commission, defense co-operation and the role of religion in the new constitution.

Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi’s hopes of wrapping up a deal on the constitution by Christmas seem far from being realized. While the six founding members of the EU--Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg--plus Britain and Denmark, want as little change as possible to the draft, the 10 mainly central European countries due to join the 15-nation bloc next year want to alter the institution’s balance.

Such small states are afraid their views will be ignored under the constitution and are determined to defend the disproportionate voting rights they won at the 2000 Nice Summit. EU experts fear such sharp differences will create exactly the paralysis in the EU the Convention was established to avoid.

The first draft of the EU constitution was aimed at()

A. turning EU into a super power in the world’s economy

B. serving the interest of the 10 nations planning to come aboard

C. building a better election system for excellent leadership

D. preventing EU from ineffectiveness due to its expansion