问题 问答题 论述题

论述赵元任的艺术歌曲创作特色,并举例说明。

答案

参考答案:

(1)鲜明体现了要求“民主、平等、自由、博爱”的“五四”精神,如《卖布谣》、《劳动歌》

(2)非常注重追求歌曲旋律的民族风格。如《叫我如何不想他》吸收了京剧西皮原板过门的音调;《卖布谣》是在无锡方言音调基础上创作的以五声音阶为主的曲调。

(3)在创作中意识到五声音阶对体现“中国风味”的特殊作用,在和声上最早进行中国派的实验《也是微云》等作品中对非三度叠置和声的运用等。

(4)非常注重用钢琴伴奏来刻画音乐形象,烘托音乐气氛,如《海韵》等作品中钢琴伴奏的成功运用。

(5)熟练运用西方曲式、和声、旋法、转调等作曲技法进行创作。如多段歌词的歌曲《上山》根据每段歌词内容不同,在调性布局上作出了相应的变化。

单项选择题
问答题

You’ve had a problem, you’ve thought about it till you were tired, forgotten it and perhaps slept on it, and then flash! When you weren’t thinking about it suddenly the answer has come to you, as a gift from the gods.

Of course all ideas don’t come like that, but the interesting thing is that so many do, particularly the most important ones. They burst into the mind, glowing with the heat of creation. How they do is a mystery. (46) Psychology does not yet understand even the ordinary process of conscious thought, but the emergence of new ideas by a "leap in thought" is particularly intriguing, because they must have come from the somewhere. For the moment let us assume that they come from the "unconscious". (47)This is reasonable, for the psychologists use this term to describe mental processes which are unknown to the subject, and creative thought consists precisely in what was unknown becoming known.

(48) It seems that all truly creative activity depends in some degree on these signals from the unconscious, and the more highly intuitive the person, the sharper and more dramatic the signals become.

But growth requires a seed, and the heart of the creative process lies in the production of the original fertile nucleus from which growth can proceed. (49) This initial step in all creation consists in the establishment of a new unity from disparate elements, of order out of disorder, of shape from what was formless. The mind achieves this by the plastic reshaping, so derived from a new unit, of a selection of the separate elements derived from experience and stored in memory. Intuitions arise from richly unified experience.

(50) This process of the establishment of new form must occur in pattern of nervous activity in the brain, lying below the threshold of consciousness, which interacts and combines to form more comprehensive patterns. Experimental physiology has not yet identified this process, for its methods are as yet insufficiently refined, but it may be significant that a quarter of the total bodily consumption of energy during sleep goes to the brain, even when the sense organ are at rest, to maintain the activity of ten thousand million brain cells. These cells, acting together as a single organ, achieve the miracle of the production of new patterns of thought. No calculating machine can do that, for such machines can "only do what we know how to design them to do", and these formative brain processes obey laws which are still unknown.

Can any practical conclusions be drawn from the experience of genius Is there an art of thought for the ordinary person Certainly there is no single road to success; in the world of the imagination each has to find his own way to use his own gift.

(50) This process of the establishment of new form must occur in pattern of nervous activity in the brain, lying below the threshold of consciousness, which interacts and combines to form more comprehensive patterns.