问题 选择题

如图所示一匀强电场的直角坐标系XOY所在平面平行,电场中的o、a、b三点的电势分别为φO=10V,φa=16,Vφb=-2V,则O点处的场强方向为(  )

A.沿+x轴偏+y轴方向

B.沿+x轴偏-y轴方向

C.沿-y轴方向

D.沿+x轴方向

答案

匀强电场中,沿着任意方向每前进相同的距离,电势变化相等,

设ob中点电势是c,φO=10V,φa=16V,φb=-2V,

故ob中点的电势是4V,ac中点d的电势是10V.

所以od连线是等势线,因此电场线垂直于od连线,

由于沿着电场线方向电势降低,所以电场线方向是沿+x轴偏-y轴方向,

故选B.

完形填空

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名词解释