问题 问答题 简答题

石油的烃类组成有哪几种表示方法?各自的含义是什么?

答案

参考答案:

1,单体烃组成单体烃组成表明了石油馏分中每一种烃(单体化合物),目前还仅限于阐述石油气及石油低沸点馏分的组成。

2.族组成对于石油馏分,元素组成表示法太简单而单体烃表示法太复杂,而且使用范围窄。族组成介于两者之间,简单实用。

3.结构族组成不论石油烃类的结构多么复杂,都可以看作是由三个基本结构单元组成:芳香环、环烷环和烷基侧链,用这些基本结构单元的量来表示复杂分子混合物的组成的方法就是结构族组成表示法。

阅读理解与欣赏

母爱的塑像   

       美国黄石国家公园曾经历了一场森林大火,大火过后护林员们开始上山察看灾情。     

       有一位护林员在一棵树下发现了一只被烧焦的鸟。虽然已经死去,但这只鸟却像雕塑一般保持着一种姿势。护林员感到有些惊奇,便用树枝轻轻地拨了拨那只鸟,没想到几只雏乌从已经死去的母亲翅膀底下钻了出来。     

       原来,这只慈爱的鸟妈妈为了不让灾难降临孩子们身上,它把几只小鸟带到大树底下,用自己的翅膀为它们撑起了一个保护伞。     

       鸟妈妈本可以展翅飞走,找一处安全的栖身之所。但它不能把自己的孩子丢在大火中。     

       当火苗蹿上来灼烧它的身体时,它坚定地立在那里,一动也不动。因为它已经下定决心用自己的生命来保护翅膀底下的孩子们。 

1.把“它不能把自己的孩子丢在大火中”改写成反问句。

                                                                                                                   

2.是什么原因使护林员感到有些惊奇? 

                                                                                                                          

3.把“有一位护林员在一棵树下发现了一只被烧焦的鸟”缩成最简单的句子,正确的是[ ]

     A.护林员发现了一只鸟。    B.护林员发现了鸟。 

4.结合短文内容,说说你是怎样理解文题“母爱的塑像”的。

                                                                                                                                             

阅读理解

"When I look back on my childhood I wonder how I survived at all. It was, of course, a miserable childhood. The happy childhood is hardly worth your while. "Worse than the ordinary miserable childhood is the miserable Irish childhood. And worse yet is the miserable Irish Catholic childhood." That was Frank McCourt reading the opening lines of his book Angela's Ashes, released in 1996.

This Irish American author best known for the Pulitzer Prize-winning autobiography Angela's Ashes that recorded his poor upbringing, died of cancer on Sunday, The New York Times reported. He was 78.

Born in New York City, he was the eldest of the seven children born to Irish immigrant parents. Angela's Ashes was a memoir(回忆录)that captured an irresponsible, drunkard(酒鬼)father with a gift for story-telling. When not drunk, his father was absent, turning his back on a family so poor, McCourt wrote, that they were reduced to burning the furniture in their rented hut to keep warm. His mother struggled to raise her many children after his father left the family.

In Angela's Ashes, he wrote of hunger, a home flooded with rainwater and the unbearable humiliation(耻辱)of seeking handouts from charities in the Irish city. But he told the story in a way that is expressive, warm and light-hearted.

Frank McCourt left Ireland at the age of 19 to return to New York City where he was born. He earned a degree in English education and taught creative writing for nearly thirty years. After retiring in 1987, he decided to write about his childhood. "Angela's Ashes" became a huge success and brought McCourt a 1997 Pulitzer Prize, the National Book Critics Circle Award and other honors. Millions of copies of the book were sold worldwide and it was adapted into a 1999 movie starring Emily Watson and Robert Carlyle.

小题1:In the first paragraph, by saying "The happy childhood is hardly worth your while", the writer really means that ________.

A.a lot of readers don't deserve happy childhood

B.his childhood is not worth of others' sympathy

C.his childhood is mixed with happiness and misery

D.smooth childhood surely will not draw readers' attention小题2:From the passage, we know Frank McCourt's father is ________.

A.humorous and trustworthy

B.alcohol-addicted but loves his family

C.poor but warm-hearted

D.irresponsible but gifted in telling stories小题3:Which of the statements about the book “Angela’s Ashes” is right?

A.This book is intended to show respect to McCourt’s father.

B.The author wrote the book in a sad and serious tone(语调).

C.The book enjoyed great popularity after it came out.

D.The author got two awards because of the book.小题4: What's the text mainly about?

A.A brief introduction to Frank McCourt and one of his works.

B.A literary review(评论) on Frank McCourt's book.

C.An account of Frank McCourt's miserable childhood.

D.A comment on Frank McCourt's life experience.