问题 问答题 案例分析题

风为百病之长故医书咸以中风列于首门其论症则有真中类中中经络血脉脏腑之分其论治则有攻风劫痰养血润燥补气培元之治盖真中虽风从外来亦由内虚而邪得以乘虚而入北方风气刚劲南方风气柔和故真中之病南少北多其真中之方前人已大备不必赘论其类中之症则河间立论云因烦劳则五志过极动火而卒中皆因热甚生火东垣立论因元气不足则邪凑之令人僵仆卒倒如风状是因乎气虚而丹溪则又云东南气温多湿由湿生痰痰生热热生风故主乎湿三者皆辨明类中之由也类者伪也近代以来医者不分真伪每用羌防星半乌附细辛以祛风豁痰虚症实治不啻如枘凿之殊矣今叶氏发明内风乃身中阳气之变动肝为风脏因精血衰耗水不涵木木少滋荣故肝阳偏亢内风时起治以滋液熄风濡养营络补阴潜阳如虎潜固本复脉之类是也若阴阳并损无阳则阴无以化故以温柔濡润之通补如地黄饮子还少丹之类是也更有风木过动中土受戕不能御其所胜如不寐不食卫疏汗泄饮食变痰治以六君玉屏风茯苓饮酸枣仁汤之属或风阳上僭痰火阻窍神识不清则有至宝丹芳香宣窍或辛凉清上痰火法虽未备实足以补前人之未及至于审症之法有身体缓纵不收耳聋目瞀口开眼合撒手遗尿失音鼾睡此本实先拨阴阳枢纽不交与暴脱无异并非外中之风乃纯虚症也故先生急用大剂参附以回阳恐纯刚难受必佐阴药以挽回万一若肢体拘挛半身不遂口眼斜舌强言謇二便不爽此本体先虚风阳挟痰火壅塞以致营卫脉络失和治法急则先用开关继则益气养血佐以消痰清火宣通经遂之药气充血盈脉络通利则病可痊愈至于风痱风懿风痹瘫痪乃风门之兼症理亦相同案中种种治法余未能尽宣其理不过略举大纲分类叙述以便后人观览馀门仿此(《临证指南医案·中风》华岫云按)

中风一症,在叶氏之前,有()之分,治疗多采用()方法。

答案

参考答案:

中风一症,在叶氏之前,有真中类中、中经络血脉藏腑之分,治疗多采用攻风劫痰、养血润燥、补气培元方法。

阅读理解

NASA’s twin Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, have been exploring the Red Planet since 2004. But a little more than a year ago, NASA lost contact with Spirit. The space agency has tried several ways to make contact with the rover, but Spirit has not sent back any signals.

Spirit landed on Mars on January 4, 2004. Three weeks later, Opportunity arrived. Soon after, the rovers went to the opposite side of Mars. Spirit’s original mission was only designed to last for three months, but Spirit has worked for more than five years doing additional missions. Both rovers have made important discoveries about ancient Mars. They have taken thousands of images and found evidence in the rocks of a water, warmer past in Mars’ history.

Spirit is solar-powered. It got stuck in a sand trap in April 2009, trapped deep into the soil and with its wheels turning around and around but not able to move forwards or backwards. Spirit had to agree that there is nothing that can be done to change the situation—it’s never going to move again. However, even if it is a not moving station, it can still study the planet’s atmosphere and deep interior.

NASA has been concentrating on trying to position its solar panels to get as much energy from the sun as possible, or to get the rover leaning in a manner that will allow the most amount of sunlight falling on its solar panels, in order to keep it alive during the coming winter months. Engineers have planned to rock the vehicle back and forth to acquire a more favorable position. However, no matter how many efforts have been made, Spirit still could not get out of the soft soil and could not lean itself toward the sun as the Martian winter approached. Without enough energy reaching its solar panels and with so little energy in its batteries, it went into hibernation, just like a polar bear, and has not communicated with Earth since March 22, 2010.

Whatever the future holds for Spirit, its mission has been an outstanding success. When it landed on the Red Planet in January 2004, no one was really sure how long it would continue working in the cold and dusty environment. As a matter of fact, three months was its original goal.

After so many fruitless efforts, NASA scientists are losing hope of ever reconnecting with Spirit, but they will give it one more try. Ground controllers are contacting Spirit over a range of frequencies and at different times during the day in case its internal clock stopped working and it lost track of time. They also are commanding the rover to turn on its backup radio transmitter in case the main one is dead.

If this final effort to connect isn’t successful, NASA will shift the focus to its twin robot, Opportunity, which is in a different part of Mars. Opportunity is still on the move and continues to travel freely to this day. It has traveled 16.6 miles so far, and is currently rolling towards another crater it has yet to explore.

NASA has spent more than $900 million on the project but shows no sign of giving up on these determined and hard-working robots. The rovers are, though, experiencing gradual wear and tear, the expected damage to something caused by using it repeatedly over a period of time. Even before Spirit got trapped, one of its wheels had failed. And NASA says it’s just a matter of time before both robots break down completely.

小题1:According to the passage, what can we know about Spirit?

A.It had explored Mars several times.

B.Its original mission was to work for five years.

C.It landed on Mars three weeks later than Opportunity.

D. It discovered that Mars was once a warm and wetter place.小题2:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT what NASA did?

A.Try to lean Spirit to make it get as much sunlight as possible.

B.Rock Spirit back and forth to make it acquire a more favorable position.

C.Make efforts to help Spirit get out of the soft soil where it is stuck.

D.Contact and order Spirit to turn on its backup radio transmitter.小题3:The reason why Spirit failed to communicate with the Earth is that ________.

A.it didn’t have enough energy

B.it had finished its task

C.something was wrong with its wheels

D.it met an unidentified creature小题4:By saying “NASA will shift the focus” in Paragraph 7, the author means that ______.

A.NASA will move the center of Spirit out of the sand

B.NASA will depend on Opportunity to do the exploration

C.NASA will do nothing but wait for some opportunity

D.NASA will make opportunity help Spirit小题5:The last paragraph mainly informs us that _______.

A.NASA has planned to spend more money on Spirit

B.Spirit will be brought back to Earth

C.Spirit will stop operating totally in the future

D.Spirit will cause damage to Mars小题6: What’s the text mainly about?

A.NASA makes the last effort to contact Spirit.

B.Spirit has made many important discoveries on Mars.

C.How Spirit got stuck and couldn’t move on Mars.

D.Why NASA tried many ways to contact Spirit.

单项选择题