问题 问答题 简答题

中国近代经济增长总趋势的制约因素有哪些?

答案

参考答案:

1.资本因素(K)。资本在运动过程中能够增值,在市场机制的引导下,会自觉地从低利润行业流向高利润行业,从而使得资源优化配置的同时带动经济的增长。资本因素是传统经济增长理论中最重要的两大影响因素之一,资本因素用“实际资本存量”来衡量。

2.劳动力因素(L)。劳动力来源于人口,人口数量越多,劳动力来源越广。劳动力数量是劳动力因素影响经济的具体表现之一,随着现代化的实施和高科技的运用,劳动力质量对经济增长程度的影响有超越前者之势。由于劳动者是生产力的最重要组成部分之一,而生产力是促进经济增长的根本因素,这就是至今仍保留劳动力因素的原因所在。劳动力因素用“从业人员数量”来衡量。

3.产业因素(I)。产业因素主要指的是产业结构,产业结构指的是一个国家或地区间各产业的比例关系及相互关系。产业结构对经济的影响是间接的,其影响机制在于,通过产业结构调整,引发社会资源的重新配置,从而提高了资源的流通和使用效率,改善了投入和产出的配比关系,进而推动经济的增长。产业因素用“第二三产业人员比重[5]”来衡量。

4.制度因素(S)。根据近代学者们的研究表明,确实对经济的发展有一定影响,影响的程度是否显著将通过统计学检验来断定。改革开发至今,我国经济制度变迁的一个显著特点是非国有经济发展越来越活跃,因此在众多反映制度因素的指标中,非国有化率成为了最好的选择。非国有化率可以通过间接计算非国有化工业生产总值比重的办法来衡量[6]。

5.FDI因素F.。持续的外部投资是经济持续增长的基础,在外商直接投资中,合同利用外资仅仅还停留在表面上,“实际使用外资金额[7]”才是促进增长的真正动力,因此必须准确区分用合同利用外资与实际使用外资金额并加以统计。可见用实际使用外资金额这一指标来量化FDI因素是更加合适的。

阅读理解

Yucai Middle School will have a School Day on Friday.Students don't need to have any classes.Instead,they are going to do a lot of things for fun.Here is a poster for it.

The most wonderful game of the year

Meet our school basketball stars

Basketball Court 3:00 p.m.— 5:00 p.m.

Tel:375 — 7682

 Water Sports

It's really cool!

Xingsha Beach The whole afternoon

Tel:375 — 7442

Talent Show

Are you good at singing,dancing,acting or playing the guitar?

Come and show yourself!

Music Hall 7:00 p.m.— 9:00 p.m.

Tel:375 — 9876

Chess is fun!

Different kinds of chess

Who will win at last?

Chess Club  8:00 a.m.— 10:30 a.m.1:00 p.m.— 3:30 p.m.

Tel:375 — 7465

For further information,please call the school office.Just do it! Enjoy yourself!

小题1:You can _______  in the morning or in the afternoon.

A.have the chess competition

B.go to the talent show

C.watch the basketball game

D.have water sports小题2:If you want to see the school basketball stars,you can go at _______.

A.8:00 a.m.— 10:30 a.m.

B.3:00 p.m.— 5:00 p.m.

C.1:00 p.m.— 3:00 p.m.

D.7:00 p.m.— 9:00 p.m.小题3:You can have water sports _______.

A.at Xingsha Beach

B.at the music hall

C.at the basketball court

D.at the chess club小题4:If you are good at singing and dancing,you should call at _______.

A.375-7682

B.375-7442

C.375-9876

D.375-7465小题5:If you want to learn about further information,what should you do?

A.See the poster.

B.Ask your classmates.

C.Call the school office.

D.Go to the school office.

填空题