(1) is used to ensure the confidentiality,integrity and authenticity of the two end points in the private network． (2) ，an application—layer protocol，authenticates each peer in an IPSec transaction．IKE negotiates security policy，determining which algorithm may be used to set up the tunnel．it alsohandles the exchange of session keys used for that one transaction．

Networks that use (3) to secure data traffic can automatically authenticate devices by using (4) ，which verify the identities of the two users who are sending information back and forth．IPSeccan be ideal way to secure data in large networks that require secure connections among many devices．

Users deploying IPSec can (5) their network infrastructure without affecting the applications on individual computer．The protocol suite is available as a software-only upgrade to the networkinfrastructure．This alows security to be implemented without costly changes to each computer．Mostimportant，IPSec allows interoperability among different network devices，PCs and other computingsystems．

1（）

A．Certificate

B．Encryption

C．Tunnel

D．Presentation

第一个灯应该距离跑道中线灯的任何一排灯（如果设有）至少（），灯具的纵向间距应不大于7.5m。

A、15cm

B、30cm

C、60cm

D、80cm