问题 选择题

在“草→鼠→鹰”这个食物链中,若将鹰杀绝,那么鼠的数量将会(  )

A.保持原有状态

B.缓慢下降

C.迅速上升

D.先上升后下降

答案

生态系统的结构包括生产者、消费者、分解者、非生物的物质和能量,其复杂程度决定了生态系统维持平衡能力的大小,即生态系统自我调节能力的大小,因为生态系统的结构越复杂,生态系统能量流动和物质循环的途径就越多,其抵抗外界干扰的能力就越强,也就是说其调节能力就越大;反之,结构越简单,生态系统的调节能力就越小,维持平衡的能力就越弱.此生态系统的生产者是草,消费者是鼠、鹰,如果捕杀了全部鹰导致鼠因没有天敌而大量繁殖,所以鼠的数量迅速上升,但草由于鼠的增加而草被吃光,所以鼠的数量将会将会先上升后下降.

故选:D.

完形填空

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

There are thousands of coral reefs(珊瑚礁) in the world; Unfortunately, however, they are now in serious danger. More than one-third are in such bad shape that they could die within ten years.    小题1:   Here are the three main causes discovered.

The first cause is pollution on land. The pollutants run with rainwater into rivers and streams, which carry the poisons into the ocean.  小题2:   So they will be easily infected(感染) with diseases.

 小题3:   Higher ocean temperatures kill the important food source(来源) for the coral—the algae, the tiny greenish-gold water plants that live on coral.  小题4:   This process has happened more and more frequently in recent years.

The last factor contributing to the disappearance of coral reefs is people. People sometimes crash into reefs with their boats, breaking off large blocks of coral.  小题5:   Moreover, some people even break coral off to collect for souvenirs since it is so colorful and pretty.

A.Global warming is another reason.

B.Many might not even last that long!

C.Divers who walk on reefs can also do serious damage.

D.Reefs provide a home for 25% of the fish in the ocean.E. Chemicals from the poisons kill reefs or make them weak.

F. Steps must be taken now to stop over-fishing and pollution of the oceans.

G. When the algae die, the coral loses its color and it also dies in the end.

材料题