阅读材料：

材料一：在他之前，学校只招收贵族子弟，他广开私学，主张“有教无类”，不论贫富贵贱，人人都有接受教育的机会。他注意“因材施教”的方法，善于启发学生思考问题。他一生培养了三千多弟子，比较著名的有72人。

材料二：他说：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。”“三人行，必有我师焉”“当仁不让于师！”

请回答：

（1）文中的“子”是何人？生活在哪个时期？他是哪个学派的创始人？

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（2）材料二中的这些言论告诉我们哪些学习的道理？（至少写出两点）

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（3）作为一名思想家，他的思想主张有哪些？其学说有什么影响？

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（4）他的言论被整理在哪一著作中？

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根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。

Many Chinese leaders are fond of ancient Chinese literature. Xi Jinping, who was b 小题1:   in June 1953 in Beijing, was a graduate of Tsinghua University and j 小题2:  the CPC in January 1974. When Xi Jinping was elected (选举) China’s president at the National People’s Congress in March last year, he talked about some of his ideas on h  小题3: to run a government. When he spoke, many Chinese people were pleasantly s  小题4:   to find that Xi Jinping has good knowledge of Laozi and Daois. “Running a large country is like frying a small fish(治大国如烹小鲜),” he said at the meeting. It’s a quote from Tao Te Ching(《道德经》)，a book w  小题5:  by Laozi over 1,200 years ago.

In fact, it was not the f  小题6:  time Xi had quoted Laozi. Xi often referred to (参照) the beliefs of this great thinker when he worked a 小题7: a provincial governor(省长). 

Xi Jinping is not the o 小题8: leader who is interested in Laozi. Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev said in an i 小题9: with XinHua News Agency in October 2013, “He who conquers others is strong; he who conquers himself is might(胜人者有力，自胜者强). It was true 2,000 years ago, and it is s 小题10: true in the 21^st century.”