问题 填空题

下列物质 ①Cu ②液态SO2  ③纯醋酸  ④NaHCO3 ⑤Ba(OH)2溶液

I.属于非电解质的是______;(填序号)

Ⅱ.(1)NaHCO3是一种______(填“强”或“弱”)电解质;

(2)写出HCO3-水解的离子方程式:______;

(3)常温下,0.1mol-L-1NaHCO3溶液的pH大于8,则溶液中Na+、HCO3-、H2CO3、CO32-、OH -五种微粒的浓度由大到小的顺序为:______.

Ⅲ.Ba(OH)2是一种强电解质,现有25℃、pH=13的Ba(OH)2溶液.

(1)该Ba(OH)2溶液的物质的量浓度为______;

(2)溶液中由水电离出c(OH -)=______;

(3)与某浓度盐酸溶液按体积比(碱与酸之比)1:9混合后,所得溶液pH=11(假设混合溶液的体积等于混合前两溶液的体积和),该盐酸溶液的pH=______.

Ⅳ.醋酸是一种弱电解质. 某温度下,相同pH值的盐酸和醋酸溶液分别加水稀释,平衡pH值随溶液体积变化的曲线如右图所示.则图______(填“I”或“Ⅱ”)为醋酸稀释的图象.

答案

Ⅰ、①Cu是金属单质能导电,但单质即不是电解质也不是非电解质;

②液态SO2是共价化合物不能导电,不是电解质,属于非电解质;

③纯醋酸溶于水能导电,是电解质;

④NaHCO3是离子化合物,是电解质;

⑤Ba(OH)2溶液是混合物,即不是电解质也不是非电解质.

故选:②;

Ⅱ、(1)NaHCO3属于盐,在水溶液中完全电离,属于强电解质,故答案为:强;

(2)HCO3-水解生成碳酸与氢氧根离子,水解离子方程式为HCO3-+H2O

H2CO3+OH-,故答案为:HCO3-+H2O

H2CO3+OH-

(3)常温下,0.1mol?L-1NaHCO3溶液的pH大于8,c(OH-)>c(H+),说明HCO3-水解程度大于其电离程度,故c(Na+)>c(HCO3-)、c(H2CO3)>c(CO32-),水解程度不大所以c(HCO3-)>c(H2CO3)、c(HCO3-)>c(OH-),溶液中氢氧根来源于水的电离与HCO3-水解,故c(OH-)>c(H2CO3),所以c(Na+)>c(HCO3-)>c(OH-)>c(H2CO3)>c(CO32-),

故答案为:c(Na+)>c(HCO3-)>c(OH-)>c(H2CO3)>c(CO32-);

Ⅲ、(1)pH=13的Ba(OH)2溶液中c(OH-)=0.1mol/L,根据氢氧根守恒可知,溶液中c[Ba(OH)2]=

1
2
c(OH-)=0.5×0.1mol/L=0.05mol/L,故答案为:0.05mol/L;

(2)pH=13的Ba(OH)2溶液中氢离子使由水电离产生的,水电离产生的c(H+)等于溶液中水电离出c(OH -),故水电离出c(OH -)=c(H+)=10-13mol/L,

故答案为:10-13mol/L;

(3)pH=13的Ba(OH)2溶液中c(OH-)=0.1mol/L,与某浓度盐酸溶液按体积比(碱与酸之比)1:9混合后,假定体积分别为1L、9L,所得溶液pH=11,即混合后溶液中c(OH -)=10-3mol/L,令盐酸的浓度为amol/L,则混合后溶液中n(OH -)=1L×0.1mol/L-9L×amol/L=10-3mol/L×(1L+9L),解得a=0.01,

故答案为:0.01mol/L;

Ⅳ、盐酸是强电解质,醋酸是弱电解质,相同pH值的盐酸和醋酸溶液分别加水稀释,醋酸稀释促进醋酸电离继续产生氢离子,故稀释相同的倍数,醋酸的PH增大的较小,故图Ⅱ为醋酸稀释的图象,故答案为:Ⅱ.

单项选择题

For some people, the light of human attention has an unbearable brilliance. Like ivy along the dim edge of a garden, they prefer the social shadows, shunning parties, publicity and fame of any sort. Then there are the flowers of the human arboretum. For them, being in the view of others seems necessary for life itself. From Hollywood to fabricated prime-time reality, this spotlight-dependent species is thriving.
But what about the individuals who crave attention for more desperate reasons Those who resort to unusual ways to get it Lately, it seems, a dark bloom of these characters has emerged. For motives known only to themselves, they have won notoriety by drawing on an almost sacred well of social status: victim hood.
In early April, US national news outlets tracked the disappearance of Audrey Seiler, a sophomore at the University of Wisconsin in Madison. Police and hundreds of concerned citizens searched for four days before Seiler was discovered. Seiler said she was kidnapped. Within hours, however, her story fell apart. Police announced that her abduction had been a hoax. Why would a popular student make herself disappear Her motive remains a mystery, but perhaps it had something to do with the search parties and the news bulletins that surrounded her.
Sympathy is a powerful sentiment that can connect complete strangers. But if it’s used to manipulate, the backlash can be much more intense.
In February, a Waterbury, Connecticut, man was arrested as a result of exploiting sympathy. Edward Valentin told reporters that he had received word that his wife, serving in Iraq, had been killed in an explosion. Police said Valentin admitted the fabrication, reasoning that if people felt sorry for him maybe the military would send his wife home. Evidence, however, points elsewhere.
In its extreme form, such a craving shows up in mental disorders, where sufferers may seek attention by causing themselves harm. But even when it comes with no diagnosis, a deep craving to be noticed can have a wide impact.
For these individuals, victim hood represents a "pure state of guilt-free entitlement," said psychologist Richard Levak, of Del Mar, California. "They go from being utterly deprived to being utterly indulged. In today’s world ... people have become more depressed and disconnected from each other. So you get people who crave affection and attention and approval. They don’t know how to ask for it and they don’t know how to get it. That leaves them vulnerable," Levak said.

According to the first paragraph, some people ______.

A.do not like to be in the spotlight

B.like the dark side of society

C.prefer the beauty of plants to people

D.avoid the media but enjoy parties

单项选择题