It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can' t fix the damage. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.

Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.

Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, then he operated on them. He made the monkeys' blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain' s temperature was 10°C, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.

小题1:The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that _______.

A．the time is too short for doctors

B．the patients are often too nervous

C．the damage is extremely hard to fix

D．the blood-cooling machine might break down小题2:The brain operation was made possible mainly by _______.

A．taking the blood out of the brain

B．trying the operation on monkeys first

C．having the blood go through a machine

D．lowering the brain' s temperature小题3:With Dr. White' s new idea, the operation on the damaged brain _______.

A．can last as long as 30 minutes

B．can keep the brain' s blood warm

C．can keep the patient' s brain healthy

D．can help monkeys do different jobs小题4:What is the right order of the steps in the operation?

a. send the cooled blood back to the brain

b. stop the blood to the brain

c. have the blood cooled down

d. operate on the brain

A．a,b,c,d

B．c,a,b,d

C．c, b, d, a

D．b, c, d, a

阅读下面的文章，并回答下列4题。

文艺不单是作者人格的表现，也是一般人生世相的返照。培养人格是一套工夫，对于一般人生世相积蓄丰富而正确的学识经验又是另一套工夫。这可以分两层说。一是读书。从前中国文人以能熔经铸史为贵。韩愈在《进学解》里发挥这个意思，最为详尽。读书功用在储知蓄理，扩充眼界改变气质。读的范围愈广，知识愈丰富审辩愈精当胸襟也愈恢阔。在近代，一个文人不但要博习本国古典，还要涉猎近代各种学问，否则见解难免偏蔽。这事固然很难。我们第一要精选，不要浪费精力于无用之书。第二要持恒，日积月累涓涓终成江河。第三要有哲学的高瞻远瞩，科学地客观剖析，否则食而不化，学问反而足以梏没性灵。其次是实地观察体验。这对于文艺创作或比读书还更重要。从前中国文人喜游名山大川，一则增长阅历，一则增加自然界瑰奇壮丽之气与幽深玄渺之趣。其实这种“气”与“趣”不只在自然中可以见出，在一般的人生世相中也可得到。许多著名的悲喜剧与近代小说所表现的学超精神气魄正不让于名山大川。观察体验的最大功用还不仅在此，尤其在洞达人情物理。文学超现实而不能脱离现实，它所创造的世界尽管有时是理想的，却不能不有现实的真实性。近代写实主义者主张文学须有“凭证”，就因为这个道理。你想写某一种社会或某一种人物，你必须对于那种社会人物的外在生活与内心生活都有彻底的了解，这非多观察体验不可。要观察得正确，体验得深刻，你最好投身他们中间，和他们过同样的生活。你过的生活愈丰富，对于人性的了解愈深刻，你的作品就愈有真实性，不至于如雾里看花。

不能体现“实地观察体验”对于文艺创作或比读书还更重要的一项是（）。

A．翦伯赞创作访古散文《内蒙访古》

B．朱自清创作游记散文《威尼斯》

C．艾青创作自传体抒情诗《大堰河——我的保姆》

D．姚雪垠创作古典长篇小说《李自成》