问题 问答题 论述题

试述预防土压平衡式盾构机正面阻力过大的措施。

答案

参考答案:

(1)合理设计进土孔的尺寸,保证出土畅通;

(2)隧道轴线设计前,应对盾构穿越沿线作详细的地质勘查,模清沿线影响盾构推进的障碍物的具体位置、深度,以使轴线设计考虑到这一状况;

(3)详细了解盾构推进断面内的土质状况,以便及时优化调整土压设定值、推进速度等施工参数;

(4)经常检查推进千斤顶,确保其运行正常;

(5)合理设定平衡压力,加强施工动态管理,以便及时调整控制平衡压力值。

阅读理解

The Media Village and Media Hotel for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games will provide a collection of convenient services to the host broadcasters, rights holding broadcasters, and other media this summer.

Located near the Beiyuanlukou North Station of the Line 5 subway, the Media Village is northeast of the Olympic Green and the Olympic Forest Park in the north of the city -- just five kilometers(km) from the Main Press Center (MBC) and two km from the International Broadcast Center (IBC).

It will take just 15 minutes by car to reach the National Stadium and other core stadiums. In addition, shuttle buses to the different stadiums will run daily. Journalists will be able to pass the security check for their destination stadium when they get on the buses and be able to enter the stadium upon arrival.

The Media Village is being completed in two phases (阶段). Composed of two sections, the 640,000-sqm Media Village will accommodate 7,000 journalists. The project can continue to adopt changes according to the requirements of the Olympics.

Journalists staying at the Media Village will enjoy an attractive selection of services, including completely furnished rooms, a 24-hour media workroom, ADSL, 24-hour dining service, UPS delivery service, banking, Olympic licensed product store, newspaper and magazine booth, dry cleaning, post office, and gym.

In line with the concepts of " Green Olympics," " Hi-tech Olympics," and " People's Olympics," the Media Village makes use of green construction materials and surpasses the city's energy-saving standards by 60 percent.

Completed last May, the Media Village is undergoing decoration and outside greening at present. It is scheduled to be open from July 25 to August 29, 2008.

73. The Media Village is _______.

A. in the northeast of the Olympic Forest Park

B. five kilometers from the Main Press Center

C. two kilometers from the International Broadcast Center

D. a-quarter car ride from the National Stadium

74. Journalists staying at the Media Village must receive security check when_______.

A. entering any destination stadiums before their arrival

B. getting on the buses or entering any stadiums

C. getting on the buses to their destination Stadium

D. entering any destination stadiums upon their arrival

75. As for the Media Village, we know from the passage that _______.

A. Journalists at the Media Village will enjoy all kinds of services they need

B. It is designed to provide excellent services and built with higher standards

C. The Media Village reaches 60 percent of the city' s energy-saving standards

D. It will be completed in May, 2008 and will be open in July or August, 2008

76. What does the whole passage tell us about the Media Village?

A. Its convenience, accommodations and decoration.

B. Its function, safety, standards and transportation.

C. Its location, security, services and construction.

D. Its importance, security check and use.

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