问题 问答题 简答题

汽轮机蒸汽流量的变化对轴向推力有什么影响?

答案

参考答案:

汽轮机的轴向推力主要取决于叶轮前后的压力差。但蒸汽流量改变时,虽然占大多数的中间级压力比基本不变,但中间各级的级前、后压力却随之变化,因而级前后的压力差将发生变化,使得轴向推力发生变化。如果蒸汽流量增加,则级前、后压力随之升高,级前后的压力差增大,轴向推力增加;反之,流量减少,则级前、后压力降低,级前后的压力差减小,中间各级轴向推力减小。调节级和末几级的压力差变化情况正好相反,且伴随有焓降和反动度的变化,因而轴向推力变化情况比较复杂。但由于中间级占大多数,因此一般来说,多级汽轮机的轴向推力随蒸汽流量的增加而增加。随蒸汽流量的减少而减小。

阅读理解

Bexley Middle School eighth-graders won the grand prize at the 2009 National Engineers Week Future City Competition (TM) on Feb. 18 in Washington, D.C. They competed with 37 other schools across the country.

The students qualified for the national competition by winning a regional competition on Jan. 17 in Columbus. By winning the national event, the students earned an all-expenses paid trip to Space Camp in Huntsville, Ala., according to a Bexley school district news report.

Future City aims to stir (激发) interest in science, technology, engineering and math among young people. Bexley team members were Tom Krajnak, Abby Sharp, Wyatt Peery, Elizabeth Maher, Aaron Hutchinson and Truman Haycock. They work in teams under the guidance of a teacher, Margaret Englehardt, and a volunteer engineer, Mark Sherman, design and build a city of tomorrow. Mayor John Brennan presented the students during a recent Bexley City Council meeting. Each team in the Future City competition plans its city using Sim City software and creates a model to show a physical representation of one section of the city. Team members must write both an essay about the yearly theme and an abstract about their city. They also must make a presentation to judges.

Focusing on eco-responsibility, the Bexley team built “Novo-Mondum,” an Icelandic city in the year 2171. Krajnak said the team’s project included a new water system for each resident unit and a 500-word essay on using bacteria to purify water. “We used our essay and abstract (摘要) to build a model,” he said. “It was hard to organize which building would go where, what each building does and how to make it look good.”

Englehardt said her students did a good job answering impromptu (即席) questions during the regional competition. “They can think on their feet,” she said. Principal Harley Williams said the school is very proud of the students’ performance.

小题1:.. From the passage we can learn that the grand prize winners will _________.

A.receive scholarship for further studies

B.get a free trip to Space Camp in Huntsville

C.earn a large sum of money for their designs

D.be admitted to universities without exams小题2:.The goal of the Future City competition is to _________.

A.make the Sim City software popular

B.test the students’ knowledge of city planning

C.select future engineers from young students

D.make students become interested in engineering小题3:. Each team must do the following EXCEPT _________.

A.write brief abstracts describing their city

B.present and defend their designs before judges

C.build a future city in Iceland by themselves

D.create model cities using the Sim City software小题4:. According to Margaret Englehardt, the students _________.

A.always stand still in the competition

B.react very quickly to the questions

C.prepare for the questions in advance

D.take pride in the advisers’ performance小题5:

单项选择题