问题 问答题 论述题

如何全面认识散打发展的历程和目前的现状?

答案

参考答案:

散打的发端可追溯到上古时代。1928年和1933年南京中央国术馆先后在南京京中央国术馆公共体育场举办了两届国术国考。但是,由于中国传统文化的特殊背景和诸多的历史原因,散打运动并没有得到应有的重视和并没有得到应有的重视和长足的发展。散打运动真长足的发展。散打运动真正得以发展是在新中国成立之后,特别是1979年以后,当时国家体委决定进行试点。1982年1月制定了《武术散打竞赛规则》(初稿),在北京举行了全国武术散打邀请赛。自此,散打本着“积极、稳妥”的原则,每年举行一次全国性的武术对抗项目(散打)表演赛。1987年的表演赛,首次采用了设擂台的方式。1989年,散打被批准为国家正式比赛项目。1991年,经国家体委审定,《武术散打竞赛规则》正式出版,并实行裁判员、运动员等级制度。1993年的第7届全国运动会把武术散打列为全运会正式比赛项目,设男子团体一块金牌。1988年10月举办了首届国际武术节,并在深圳会场首次举行了国际武术散打邀请赛。这是首次向世界展示武术散打的风姿。1991年,国际武术联合会在北京举办了第一届世界武术锦标赛,散打被列为表演项目。在此后每两年一届的世界锦标赛上,散打都被列为正式比赛项目,并设立了11个级别的金牌。亚洲武术锦标赛上也把散打列为正式比赛项目。1998年在泰国举办的第13届亚洲运动会上,散打被列为亚运会正式比赛项目并设立了5个级别的金牌。散打已被越来越多的国家和人民所喜爱,在全世界正在蓬勃发展。

单项选择题

Americans are often contrasted with the rest of the world in terms of material possessions. We are accused of being materialistic, gadget crazy. And, as a matter of fact, we have developed material things for some very interesting reasons. Lacking a fixed class system and having all extremely mobile population, Americans have become highly sensitive to how others make use of material possessions. We use everything from clothes to houses as a highly evolved and complex means of ascertaining each other’s status. Ours is a rapidly shifting system in which both styles and people move up or down. For example:

The Cadillac (卡迪拉克) ad men feel that not only is it natural but quite insightful of them to show a picture of a Cadillac and a well-turned out gentleman in his early fifties opening the door. The caption (标题) underneath reads, "You already know a great deal about this man. "

Following this same pattern, the head of a big union spends an excess of $100, 000 furnishing his office so that the president of United States Steel cannot look down on him. Good materials, large space, and the proper surroundings signify that the people who occupy the premises (建筑物及其周围所属土地) are solid citizens, that they are dependable and successful.

The French, English, and the Germans have entirely different ways of using their material possessions. What stands for the height of dependability and respectability with the English would be old-fashioned and backward to us. The Japanese take pride in often inexpensive but tasteful arrangements that are used to produce the proper emotional setting.

Middle East businessmen look for something else-family, connections, friendship. They do not use the furnishings of their office as part of their status system; nor do they expect to impress a client by these means or to fool a banker into lending more money than he should. They like good things, too, but feel that they, as persons, should be known and not judged solely by what the public sees.

One of the most common criticisms of American relations abroad, both commercial and governmental, is that we usually think in terms of material things. "Money talks," says the American, who goes on talking the language of money abroad, in the belief that money talks the same language all over the world. A common practice in the United States is to try to buy loyalty with high salaries. In foreign countries, this maneuver almost never works, for money and material possessions stand for something different there from they do in America.

Americans are most commonly criticized for their ().

A. commercial relations abroad

B. governmental relations abroad

C. materialistic attitude toward their relations with other countries

D. lack of knowledge about other countries

单项选择题