问题 问答题 论述题

简述BOE(或BHF)刻蚀SiO2的原理。

答案

参考答案:

二氧化硅腐蚀

最常见的湿法腐蚀工艺之一是在稀释的HF溶剂中进行的SiO2湿法腐蚀法。常用腐蚀液配比是6:1,10:1,50:1,意味着6份,10份或50份(体积)的水于一份HF混合。发生的总反应如下:SiO2+6HF→H2SiO6+2H2O实际反应时,是腐蚀液中的HF发生电离产生氢离子和氟离子HF←→H++F

六个F与二氧化硅中的一个Si+4结合生成负二价的六氟硅酸根络离子[(SiF6)2-],它与两个H+结合,生成六氟硅酸(H2SIF6)。

显然反应速率与𝐅和𝑯++的浓度有关,因此在腐蚀过程中通常加入氟化铵(𝐍𝐇4𝐅)作为缓冲剂,𝐍𝐇4𝐅能够电离生成𝐅以补充随着反应推进而逐渐减少的𝐅数量,并使HF电离平衡向左移动,调节溶液的PH值,以减轻腐蚀液对光刻胶的腐蚀作用。加入𝐍𝐇4𝐅的HF溶液称为BOE(bufferedoxideetching)或BHF(bufferedHF.。

单项选择题 案例分析题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     The area of child psychology is one of the most significant and well studied of all the branches of

psychology. It aims to help with achieving a greater understanding of the behavior of children through an

understanding of their minds. It deals with children who range from the prenatal (出生前的) stage right

up to the stage of adolescence.

     The psychologist Jean Piaget (1896-1980) has been credited with making a major breakthrough in

this area when he put forward his idea that children were not actually less intelligent than adults, rather

they just thought in a different way. Preciously the development of children right from birth through to

adulthood was an area that was almost completely neglected. In fact very little work was done in this

area. However, interest in this field has now developed to the point of being one of the most debated

of all the areas of psychology.

     Despite popular belief that factors such as genetics or personal characteristics are the only determining

factors that influence a youth's behavior, this is not in fact the case. In reality, development actually

includes many more factors than those contained within an individual. Factors such as environment, which

can include social relationships and the surrounding culture, also play important roles. Relationships with

both peers and adults will no doubt affect how children think and learn, and therefore develop. These

relationships can include those that are found not only within families but also in schools and peer groups.

     Culturally speaking, this factor will contribute greatly to how children develop their personality

concerning the values they end up holding (perhaps for a lifetime) as well as how they view such things as

traditions and customs.

     Nowadays, psychologists have agreed that a child's psychology is both unique and highly complex.

However, there are debates on many different points in this field and many viewpoints exist.

1. The word "neglected" underlined in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by "______".

A. ignored      

B. destroyed        

C. developed      

D. explored

2. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?

A. Popular belief about child psychology.

B. The role families play in a child's development.

C. Factors that affect a child's development.

D. The importance of relationships to a child.

3. The author's purpose in writing the passage is to ____.

A. introduce an important psychologist.

B. give a brief introduction to child psychology.

C. compare some of the areas of psychology.

D. explain the development in psychology.