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问题 多项选择题

明朝洪武六年（公元1373年），始设六科给事中。六科官员品秩虽低，权力却大，权限主要包括封驳权、（）。

A.出令权

B.劾奏权

C.司法权

D.言谏权

答案

参考答案：B, C, D

阅读理解与欣赏
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父亲的难题
（美国）H·拉里森
小保罗是个三年级的小学生。他父亲虽然空闲时间不多，但晚上却经常同他的孩子在一起。父亲喜欢孩子，总津津乐道，不厌其烦给他们讲些富有教益的寓言和别的故事。
一个星期五的晚上，保罗和姐姐玛莎在忙着刷保罗的田径鞋，因为他要参加学校明天举行的一场短跑比赛。坐在沙发里读报的爸爸接下眼镜，凑过身子，又唠唠叨叨地讲起他的寓言来，他讲的是龟兔赛跑的故事，小保罗记得自己已经听过好多遍了，实在叫人腻味。
末了，爸爸对似听非听的保罗语重心长地说：“孩子，你一定要记住，动作缓慢的乌龟之所以能跑赢兔子，是因为它的忠寮和韧性。”然而，保罗还是低垂着头，默不作声地弄他的鞋子，爸爸的口吻变得有点严肃：“难道你不觉得应该从乌龟身上获得一些教益吗？”
保罗神情困惑地朝天花板上呆望了一阵，然后回过头来看着爸爸：“这么说，你是要我指望贝利、托尼、萨里在明天的60米赛跑中会像兔子那样躺下来睡觉？”

2,4,6

 
爸爸心里颇感惊讶，怎么也想不到儿子会突然冒出这样的话来。他沉默了一会儿，略微发窘地回答：“我没有说乌龟会指望兔子在中途睡觉。”

“乌龟一定事先知道兔子在比赛时会睡觉的。”保罗反驳道，“要不然傻乌龟就是不自量力，竟敢和兔子较量。谁都知道，兔子的速度起码要比乌龟快上100倍！”
“乌龟压根儿就不知道兔子会睡觉，”爸爸坚持着，“它是靠坚持不懈的努力，踏踏实实，一步一步向前爬才取得胜利的。”
小保罗把两只手的手指勾在一起，认认真真地思忖关。“我可不相信。”他倏地站起身来，“乌龟的胜利完全是靠运气，要不是碰巧兔子中途睡觉，它无论如何也不可能跑赢兔子。即使乌龟比你说的踏寮还要踏实100倍，它仍然跑不过兔子！”
爸爸的脸上露出一丝难以名状的笑容，捍着报纸的手颓然落在膝盖上。
小题1:第四自然段“保罗神情困惑地朝天花板上呆望了一阵”中的“一阵”能否改成“一眼”？为什么？（3分）
                                                                             
                                                                             
小题2:第五自然段中“我没有说乌龟会指望兔子在中途睡觉”一句在文中的含义是（不超过30字）（3分）
                                                                            
                                                                             
小题3:（4分）对乌龟取胜的原因，小保罗的父亲认为：（2分）                        
而小保罗则认为：（2分）                           
小题4:（4分）这篇小说记叙了小保罗父子
                                                                            
反映了
                                                                              
（每处不超过20字）
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单项选择题

Americans have a great love for informality and nowhere is this better expressed than in their love for nicknames (昵称，绰号). Upon greeting strangers for the first time they will quickly introduce themselves by their nickname. These are shortened forms of their given name at birth and reflect the casual relationships which exist among friends and coworkers. Family names are hardly ever used in daily situations and the use of one’s father’s last name is saved only for rare and formal occasions.
In many traditional cultures the use of the family name is seen as a sign of respect. For Americans, however, it’s the nickname which creates an immediate intimacy between two people upon which to build a relationship. By speaking to another on a first name basis and using his nickname, walls are immediately torn down and equality between two people is established.
At work bosses will refer to their employees by their nicknames. Should an employer use a worker’s family name, you can be sure that some kind of correction or serious business will follow.
This love for nicknames can create a sense of closeness between people who are otherwise not related. Even the presidents of the United States have borne nicknames. Abraham Lincoln was known as Honest Abe. John F. Kennedy was known as Jack or JFK and William Clinton has no reservations in letting people know he prefers to be called Bill, but those who look upon him with disfavor may call him Slick Willy.
Not only people but cities often carry their own nicknames. Chicago is called the "Windy City" because of the p winds which come down from Canada throughout the year. New York City is considered the "Big Apple" for reasons which are still obscure to most people including many New Yorkers.
Not every nickname, however, is positive and some can be rather rude and insulting. If someone should demonstrate a certain negative characteristic, a label will soon be attached to describe that person in an unpleasant way.
Likewise a person’s physical traits which are very dominant may lead to nicknames but not necessarily to one’s liking or choice. A nickname, therefore, is a way of identifying or describing someone or something for better or worse.

Americans tend to use others’ family names ______.

A. on formal occasions
B. when writing letters
C. in the work place
D. when making phone calls
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