问题 材料题

材料一 历史上两伊宿怨很深。两国共同边界1280公里,南段以阿拉伯河为界,两岸蕴藏着丰富的石油资源,两国的重要石油基地和油港都集中于此。阿拉伯河是伊拉克的唯一出海口,也是伊朗油船的通道。长期以来,两国一直在争夺这一水道。在阿拉伯河伊朗一侧的胡齐斯坦省居住着200多万阿拉伯人,他们争取民族平等和自治的斗争受到伊拉克的支持。而在伊拉克一侧与伊朗交界的各省聚居着什叶派穆斯林,他们又受到伊朗的支持。在北部地区,两伊境内都有库尔德人,他们的反政府活动又分别受到对方政府的支持,这也加剧了两伊的对立。

材料二 在双方“袭船战”中,航行于海湾的各国油轮共546艘被击中,420名船员丧生。战争使双方的综合国力受到很大削弱,客观上削弱了伊朗输出伊斯兰革命的势头,推迟了中东地区主要热点问题——阿以争端和平解决的进程,刺激了中东地区各国对地地导弹、化学武器等大规模杀伤性兵器的追求,引起新的军备竞赛。伊拉克在这场竞赛中略占上风,以至很快忘却战争教训,停火两年后贸然武装入侵科威特,酿成规模空前、给伊拉克带来灾难性打击的海湾战争。根据美国《时代》周刊提供的数字,日本从海湾地区进口的石油占其国内石油消费量的64%,法国占35%,美国占21%.意大利占32%,英国占14%,德国占15qo。两伊战争开始后,世界石油价格大幅度上涨,美国一些报刊曾发表评论说,如果战争再拖下去“纽约夜晚的灯火将不会那么明亮”。

(1)结合材料一及所学知识概括两伊战争爆发的原因。

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(2)结合以上材料及所学知识分析两伊战争给中东地区局势和世界带来的消极影响。

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答案

(1)原因:宗教教派分歧;民族问题;经济利益(石油资源);大国干预。

(2)影响 ①中东:中东国家分裂,阿拉伯国家矛盾激化,给这一地区增加了新的不稳定因素;推迟了中东和平进程。 ②世界:大国趁机插手中东事务,令中东地区更加动荡不安;石油价格上涨,不利于世界经济的稳定发展。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

      Tom saw an advertisement in Washington News for a beautiful, modern bicycle which cost $60, so he

  went to the shop which had put the advertisement in and asked to see one of their nice bicycles. The

 shopkeeper was very happy to show one to Tom. He examined (检查) it carefully and then turned to the

  shopkeeper, saying, "There isn't a lamp on this bicycle, but there was one on the bicycle in your

 advertisement."

     "Yes, Sir," answered the shopkeeper, "but the lamp isn't included in the price of the bicycle. It's an

 extra."

      "Not included in the price of the bicycle!" Tom said angrily. "But that's not honest. If the lamp's in the

 advertisement, it should have been included in the price you gave there."

     "Well, Sir," answered the shopkeeper calmly, "there's also a girl on the bicycle in our advertisement, but

  we don't supply (提供) one of them with the bicycle, either."

1. The story most probably took place in _____.

    A. Italy  

    B. China

    C. America

    D. Britain

2. The shopkeeper was very happy to show a bike to Tom because _____.

    A. Tom was the first customer who came to buy the bike.

    B. Tom examined the bike carefully

    C. another bike was wonderful.

    D. he hoped Tom would buy one.

3. What do you think would probably be the result?

    A. Tom left the shop angrily without buying a bicycle.

    B. Tom bought the lamp as well as the bicycle.

    C. Tom bought the bicycle only without a lamp.

    D. Tom kept quarrelling with the shopkeeper.

单项选择题