问题 问答题 简答题

送电线路铁塔按不同的外观形状和结构,通常可分为几种形式,各有什么特点?

答案

参考答案:

常用的塔型主要可分为以下几种形式:

(1)酒杯型塔。塔型呈酒杯状,该塔上架设两根避雷线,三相导线排列在一个水平面上,通常用于110kV及以上电压等级送电线路中,特别适用于重冰区或多雷区。

(2)猫头型塔。塔型呈猫头状,该塔上架设两根避雷线,导线呈等腰三角形布置,它也是llOkV及以上电压等级送电线路常用塔型,能节省线路走廊,其经济技术指标较酒杯型塔稍差。

(3)干字型塔。铁塔形状如“干”字,塔上架设两根避雷笺,导线基本呈等腰三角形布置,此种塔型受力情况清晰直接,有较好的经济技术指标,通常是220kV及以上电压等级送电线路常用的塔型,主要用作耐张塔及转角塔。

(4)拉线“V”型塔:塔型呈“V”形状,常用于220kV及以上电压等级的送电线路。塔上架设两根避雷线,导线呈水平排列,该种塔型具有施工方便,耗钢量低于其他门型拉线塔等优点,但它占地面积(指拉线)较大,在河网及大面积耕地区使用受到一定限制。

(5)上字型铁塔。铁塔外形如“上”字,铁塔顶端架设单根或双根避雷线,导线呈不对称三角形布置。适用于轻雷及轻冰地区,且导线截面偏小的送电线路,该杆塔具有较好的经济指标。

(6)双回路鼓型塔。由于该塔型的中相导线横担稍长于上、下横担,所以导线呈鼓型布置,该塔型适用于覆冰较重地区。稍长的中横担使所有的导线均能达到适当错开的目的,可避免导线脱冰跳跃时发生碰线闪络事故,它是双回路铁塔常用的一种塔型。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
写作题

Two Letters Letter A

Dear Etty Kit,

My roommate’s family wants me to have a thanksgiving dinner with them in their home. I accepted the invitation, and fm 成cited about going, but I,m a little worried about it, too. The social customs in my country are very different from here, so I’m a little afraid of making mistakes.

Should I bring a gift, such as candy or flowers? Should I arrive on time or a little late? At the dinner table, how can I know which fork or knife to use? How can I let the family know that I’m thankful for their kindness?

Confused

Letter B

Dear Confused,

It's a good idea to bring a small gift when you go to a dinner party. Flowers are always nice, or you might bring a bottle of wine if you know that the family drinks it.

You should arrive on time or five to ten minutes late. Don’t get there early. If you’re going to be more than fifteen minutes late, you should call and tell them.

Try to be free at the dinner table. If you don’t know about choosing the correct fork, knife, or spoon, just watch the other people, and follow them. If you still have no idea of what to do, don't be shy about asking the person next to you. It’s better to ask than to be quietly uncomfortable and nervous.

If you like the food, say so. Of course, you’ll thank the host and hostess for the meal and for their kindness. It’s so a good idea to spend a card or thank—you note the day after.

EttyKit

小题1:From the two letters we can see that Confused        .

A.doesn’t want to have dinner with his roommates family

B.refuses Etty Kit’s advice

C.has never been to a thanksgiving dinner before

D.isn’t a newcomer in his class小题2:Etty Kit may be        .

A.Confused's close friend

B.a person who gives advice about personal problems

C.a person who always holds parties

D.a flower or a candy seller小题3:Letter B was written to tell that       .

A.you always bring a nice gift when you go to a dinner party

B.you just watch the quests at a party and follow them, and do not be shy about asking questions

C.the Americans and Canadians like having a lot of dinner parties

D.if you follow a few rules of dinnerparties you will have a good time at the party小题4:the words ''host and hostess" in the last paragraph of Letter B mean.

A.people who go to a party

B.peoplewhocookdinner

C.people who hold a party

D.peoplewhosendinvitation