许多写文章的人，从中学生到大学教授，从新闻记者到作家，拿起笔来总想我现在是写文章，跟说话不一样，要把语言装饰得“华丽”一点，把语句表达得“文雅”一点，把文章写得“美妙”一点。于是总想造一些时髦的句子，划清拐西缠多绕一些弯子。实际呢？弄巧成拙，适得其反。他们不懂得，文章脱离了口语，脱离了人民大众的语言，就不可能是准确、鲜明、生动的。

       有一篇描写英雄到大海救人的报道说：“他冒着刺骨的寒风，迈着冻僵的双脚跳入了沸腾的大海。”这是一个很费解又不准确的句子，作者在说话时绝不会这么说，这叫“故作姿态”。

       还有篇报道，出现“他冒着七月流火在圩堤上东奔西走”这样的句子。“七月流火”出自《诗经》，指夏历七月星辰位置的移动，并不指天气炎热。用“七月流火”形容天气炎热就不对。我们平常说话从不这样说，可能说“冒着烈火”“顶着烈日”，如果说“我昌着七月流火怎样怎样……”肯定要被人大笑一番。

       著名散文家朱自清晚年的作品比他早年的作品好，他晚年的作品更受读者欢迎，我自己就爱看他晚年的作品。这是什么原因呢？我认为重要的一点就是话怎样说，文章就怎么写。他早年的作品语句过于修饰、做作，读起来很绕口，理解就更不容易了。他晚年的作品朴素、自然、平易近人，就很读者欢迎。这对我们后人是一种启发。

1．解释下列词语。

      ①弄巧成拙：___________________________________________________________________________

      ②适得其反：___________________________________________________________________________

2．第一段中三处引号的作用是_______________________________________________________________

3．《诗经》是中国最早的_________总集，被____________家列为经典之一，分为“______”、“____

   ______”、“____________”三大类。

4．上文的论点是_______________________________，作者主要采用了___________的论证方法进行论证。

5．改正文中“英雄到大海救人”的报道。

     原文：他冒着刺骨的寒风，迈着冻僵的双脚跳入了沸腾的大海。

     改正：_________________________________________________________________________________

6．下面是一位年老的父亲写给儿子信中的一段话，它摘自著名散文家朱自清的名作《背影》。请用通俗的语言表述这位“父亲”的话。

       我身体平安，惟膀子疼痛厉害，举箸提笔，诸多不便，大约大去之期不远矣。

   ________________________________________________________________________________________

B

13th CLIC／LISO annual conference set for California

Event

13th annual CLIC／LISO Conference

Dates

May  l7 to 19, 2007

Venue

Santa Barbra, California，US

Theme

Conference on Language，Interaction (相互作用) and Culture

Organizer

*The Australia Research Council (ARC)；

*Language，Interaction and Social Organization (LISO) group；

*The Center for language，Interaction and Culture (CLIC).

Keynote and featured speakers

*Barbara Fox，professor of 1inguistics (语言学)，University of Colorado，Boulder，US；

*Celia Kitzinger, professor of sociology，University of York，UK：

*Norma Mendoza-Denton，professor of anthropology (人类学)，University of Arizona，US；

*Jason Raley，assistant professor of education，University of California，Santa Barbara, US

Topic areas

*Anthropological linguistics；

*Pragmatics；

*Conversation analysis；

*Discourse analysis

Participants

Language and culture researchers from institutions across US，Australia and many other countries．

Background information

The Language，Interaction. and Social Organization (LISO) group is composed of professors and researchers in the areas of linguistics，sociology，and education，etc．The Center for Language，Interaction，and Culture (CLIC) is made up of experts from anthropology，applied linguistics，education，psychology，and sociology. Their common purpose is to promote cross-disciplinary discussion of issues regarding language as a complex resource for thinking and acting in the world．

The Australian Research Council  (ARC) plays a key role in the Australian government’s investment in the future prosperity and well-being of the Australian community．

For further information，please visit http://www.hcsnet.edu.au/.

60．Who are likely to attend the conference?

A．Language researchers                       B．Language learners

C．Business men                                      D．Social volunteers

61．What topic will not probably be discussed in the conference?

A．Pragmatics study                             B．Discourse analysis

C．Economic development                       D．Language and culture

62．It is inferred from the passage that______．

A．1anguage is so difficult that learners should study sociology first

B．LISO aims to promote the prosperity and well-being of the world

C．the conference will be held in California of Australia

D．language has a close connection with sociology