问题 问答题 简答题

何谓电器触头的振动和触头的熔焊现象?

答案

参考答案:

在触头闭合过程中,动触头获得动能,它和静触头相接触时发生碰撞,触头碰撞后,除了有很小的摩擦损耗外,一部分动能转变为触头表面材料的弹性变形位能,另一部分动能被弹簧吸收,同时还使动触头发生反跳而振动。

如果触头振动的最大振幅大于触头最大变形距离,动、静触头间就会产生周期性的接触和分离,当两触头分离时,造成一连中的短电弧,电弧烧伤触头表面并熔化部分金属,熔化了的金属蒸气充塞于间隙中形成所谓的金属桥,造成触头的电磨损。

当动、静触头接触点的局部温度达到金屑的熔化点时,将有局部金属被熔化。触头闭合后,作为热源的电弧没有了,触头的温度也就随之下降了,熔化了的部分金属将凝固而使动、静触头焊接在一起,其结果将使触头断不开,这就是我们所说的触头熔焊现象。

选择题
阅读理解

Technology: Taking the good without the bad?

Very soon, unimaginably powerful technologies will remake our lives.This could have dangerous consequences, especially because we may not even understand the basic science underlyi ng them.There’s a growing gap between our technological capability and our basic scientific understanding.We can do very clever things with the technology of the future without necessarily understanding some of the science underneath, and that is very dangerous.

The technologies that are particularly dangerous over the next hundred years are nanotechnology (纳米技术), artificial intelligence and biotechnology.The benefits that they will bring are beyond doubt.But they are going to be very, very dangerous.I’m working in the field of artificial intelligence.I have a model design for something that might be 50,000 million times smarter than the human brain.Target date is 2010.The only thing that's not possible in the film Terminator(终结者) is that the people win.If you're fighting against technology w hich is 50,000 million times smarter than you, you probably will not win.

Nanotechnology.We've all heard of the grey glue problem, that self-replicating nanotech devices might keep on copying until the world has become sticky glue.And certainly in biotechnology, we've really got a big problem because it's converging with nanotechnology and IT.Once you start mixing nanotech with organisms and you start feeding nanotech-enabled bacteria, we can really go an awful lot further than the Borg in Star Trek(星际迷航).And those superhuman organisms might not like us very much.

Eventually these technologies will become routine.That’s a threat to humanity.I don’t think it’s possible to slow it down.So what we need to do is accelerate the scientific research and try to get some extra tools.The problems facing us in the future are getting bigger and bigger.I think if we don’t get some proper science done, the future is hopeless indeed.

小题1:From the text, we know that the author’s greatest concern is         

A.our lack of technological understanding of the process involved

B.our lack of technological capability

C.creating technology without really understanding the basic science

D.Our refusal to face the consequences of the technology we create小题2:It can be inferred from the text that the author         

A.thinks people overvalue the capabilities of technology

B.is not optimistic that artificial intelligence will always be used positively

C.thinks that we should take science fiction movies more seriously

D.believes artificial intelligence is the greatest threat we face technologically小题3:Why does the author say it is not possible in the film Terminator that the humans win?

A.Because the power of the technology is exaggerated(夸大).

B.Because the strength of the machines is much greater.

C.Because machines with that much intelligence can easily defeat humans.

D.Because human beings are not courageous enough to win the battle.