问题 问答题 简答题

简述汉乐府民歌在中国文学史上的意义

答案

参考答案:

汉乐府民歌在《诗经》以后继承并发展了现实主义传统,对后代文学产生了深远的影响。

(1)汉乐府民歌现实主义精神的影响。建安时代的三曹七子以乐府旧题写时事,继承了汉乐府民歌的“缘事而发,感于哀乐”的现实主义精神,唐代天宝时期杜甫又进一步因事立题,创作了《三吏》、《三别》等一大批现实主义诗篇。中唐时期,白居易又提出了“歌诗合为事而作”,创作了新题乐府诗。所有这些,都是对汉乐府民歌现实主义精神的继承。

(2)在形式上,汉乐府民歌为后代诗歌创作确立了五言、杂言这两种主要诗体。在汉乐府民歌的影响下,东汉出现了文人五言诗创作的兴起,此后建安文人又掀起了创作五言诗的高潮。鲍照的五言诗与杂言,又是在继承汉乐府民歌基础上的进一步发展。至于盛唐大诗人李白的乐府歌行体,更是在艺术上取得了空前的成就。可以说后代诗歌在艺术形式上接受汉乐府的影响很大。

阅读理解

I came to study in the United States a year ago .Yet I did not know the real American society until I was hurt in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court(法院).

After the accident , my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and decided  to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was amazed. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my accident, I’d have to have a good lawyer. And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer .Now that he had helped me find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him.

But every day I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time .The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.

My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I decided to refuse his help. And he made me pay him $770.

Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience(缺少经验), I told the insurance(保险) company the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for time and I left without getting a cent.

小题1:The author’s roommate offered to help him because________.

A.he felt sorry for the author

B.he thought it was a chance to make some money

C.he knew the doctor was a very good one

D.he wanted the author to have a good lawyer小题2:The word“charge”in the third paragraph means_________ .

A.ask for a price

B.stop paying

C.pay instead of

D.give some help to小题3:A good lawyer is important for the writer to _________________.

A.be well treated by the doctor

B.talk with the person responsible for the accident

C.get what he should for his injury

D.get well before he leaves that country.小题4:Both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very__________.

A.friendly

B.selfish(自私的)

C.professional

D.busy

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